Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41423735›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of dental hygiene2026

Blue Covarine in Toothpaste: A Comprehensive Review and Meta Analysis of Efficacy, Safety, and Potential Effects.

Nina Jelenčiakova, Bojan Petrović, Sanja Kojić, Lazar Milić, Alessandro Luzio, Goran M Stojanović

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of dental hygiene, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Nina JelenčiakovaFaculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Bojan PetrovićFaculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3575-3921
Sanja KojićFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Lazar MilićFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Alessandro LuzioIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Center for Nano Science and Technology (CNST), Milan, Italy.
Goran M StojanovićFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.

Funding

European Union Horizon Europe research and innovation program within the project "EINSTEIN", grant agreement no. 101136377.European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 872370
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe pursuit of whiter teeth has led to the innovation of various colour enhancement products, including toothpaste formulations containing blue covarine. This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses their efficacy and safety.

objectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of blue covarine-containing toothpaste in colour enhancement and its safety.

methodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of databases such as PubMed, Scholar, Web of Science, and Cochrane Reviews, from inception until march 25, 2023. Eligible studies involved human participants using toothpaste with blue covarine and reported on its efficacy and safety in tooth colour perception altering. the JBI critical appraisal tools were used to assess the risk of bias.

resultsThe meta-analysis synthesised data from several studies that measured tooth colour improvement and perception of tooth colour. Results showed significant improvement in tooth colour and perceived brightness in individuals using blue covarine toothpaste compared to placebo or other methods. Subgroup analyses revealed consistent results across varying study designs, sample sizes, and follow-up durations. However, limitations such as study heterogeneity and small sample sizes were noted.

conclusionsToothpaste containing blue covarine is effective for tooth colour perception altering and can be recommended as a non-invasive option by dental professionals, taking into account individual baseline tooth colour and oral health. While promising, the long-term safety and effects of such toothpaste warrant further research. Dental professionals should personalise treatment recommendations and prioritise patient education to optimise outcomes. Future research should focus on long-term impacts, different formulations, and larger diverse samples to fully elucidate the safety and efficacy profiles.

Indexed as

Tooth DiscolorationToothpastesHumansIsoindolesMetalloporphyrinsblue covarineIsoindolesMetalloporphyrinsToothpastesblue covarinecolour perception altering efficacydental hygieneoral healthsafetyside effectstooth discolorationtoothpaste

Identifiers

PMID41423735
PMCPMC13050387

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.