Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41423582›Full record

ArticleEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2026

Factors affecting the use of nasoalveolar molding and feeding appliances among nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in five countries: a cross-sectional study.

Narmin M Helal, Sari M Rabah, Alya AlZabin, Ola B Al-Batayneh, Shaimaa Mohsen Refahee, Mohamed Koraitim, Mohammed Sadeq Kasem Albadani, Muhammad Asjad Khan, Muhammad Abrar Yousaf, Ebtesam Almajed and 9 more

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Article in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Narmin M HelalPediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Sari M RabahPlastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Alya AlZabinCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ola B Al-BataynehDepartment of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Shaimaa Mohsen RefaheeOral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
Mohamed KoraitimMaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Mohammed Sadeq Kasem AlbadaniCranio-Maxillofacial Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Muhammad Asjad KhanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad Abrar YousafDepartment of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Ebtesam AlmajedCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Razan A AlbrahimCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Reema A AldawishCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Lara S AlyahiwiCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Rand A AlshabnanCollege of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ruba M OdehCollege of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Mohammad A AlbataynehFaculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Tamara Al HalasaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Yousef S KhaderDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Heba Jafar SabbaghPediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. hsabbagh@kau.edu.sa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study investigates factors influencing the use of Nasoalveolar Molding (NAM) and Feeder Prostheses (FP) in infants with cleft lip and palate (CLP) across five countries: Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, United Arab Emirates and Pakistan.

methodsData were collected through structured phone interviews with parents, covering sociodemographic characteristics, medical attention-seeking behavior, and healthcare accessibility. Healthcare accessibility was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire.

resultsHigher family income and the presence of associated anomalies were significantly associated with increased NAM use (P = 0.02 and P = 0.013, respectively). Both NAM and FP were more commonly used in infants with unilateral complete CLP, though statistical significance was observed only for FP (P 0.025). Family members with CLP (AOR = 3.035; P = 0.025) and mothers with a mean age (AOR = 1.119; P = 0.001) have a significantly increased AOR of NAM use. Mean severity score significantly increased the AOR of FP use (AOR = 1.529, 95% CI: 1.128-2.072, P = 0.006). On the other hand, a low family income (AOR = 0.133; P = 0.009) significantly decreased the AOR of NAM use, while other factors, including associated anomalies and accessibility, did not show a significant impact on NAM or FP use.

conclusionThese findings highlight the role of socioeconomic and family history in determining treatment modalities for CLP infants. Enhancing early healthcare and financial support ensures equitable care through specialized intervention.

Indexed as

Cleft LipCleft PalateNasoalveolar MoldingCross-Sectional StudiesEgyptFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHumansInfantJordanMalePakistanPalatal ObturatorsUnited Arab EmiratesCleft lip and palateFamily incomeFeeder prosthesesFeeding appliancesNasoalveolar moldingNonsyndromic orofacial cleftSocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID41423582

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.