Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41423549›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Validation and psychometric analysis of the Italian version of the Behavior Identification Form (BIF) in healthy adults.

Elisa Ravizzotti, Mirko Zitti, Virginia Sacchi, Simona Bisoffi, Giulia Cipriani, Susanna Mezzarobba, Sara Terranova, Alessandro Botta, Martina Putzolu, Gaia Bonassi and 5 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Elisa RavizzottiDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Mirko ZittiIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Virginia SacchiPrivate practitioner, Bologna, Italy.
Simona BisoffiAzienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari Trento, Ospedale Santa Chiara, Trento, Italy.
Giulia CiprianiCasa di Cura Villa Fiorita, Prato, Italy.
Susanna MezzarobbaDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Sara TerranovaDepartment of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Alessandro BottaIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Martina PutzoluDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Gaia BonassiDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Carola CosentinoDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Alessandra FinisguerraScientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Pasian di Prato, Udine, Italy.
Cosimo UrgesiScientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Pasian di Prato, Udine, Italy.
Laura AvanzinoIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Elisa PelosinDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. elisa.pelosin@unige.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Behavior Identification Form (BIF) was proposed by Vallacher to assess the individual level of abstraction to identify actions according to his concept of Action Identification Theory. This study aimed to validate the Italian version of BIF and assess its validity and reliability in healthy adults. The original 25-items BIF was translated into Italian and administered to 359 participants. Statistical analysis of the psychometric properties was conducted following the COSMIN guidelines for validity (Confirmatory Factor Analysis, CFA), reliability indices (internal consistency [Cronbach's alpha]; test-retest reliability [Intraclass Coefficient Correlation]) and measurement error [Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), Minimal Detectable Change, (MDC)]). The BIF was successfully adapted into Italian. The one-dimensionality fit model was satisfied with indices of Root Mean Square Error of Approximation RMSEA = 0.03; Standardized Root Mean Square Residual SRMR = 0.05; Comparative Fit Index CFI = 0.92; Tucker-Lewis Index TLI = 0.91. The internal consistency revealed a Cronbach coefficient of 0.857 and a test-retest reliability showed an Intraclass Coefficient Correlation of 0.925. A SEM of 6.28 points and an MDC of 6.95 points were obtained. This study provided validity and reliability of the Italian version of the BIF in assessing action-identification levels in healthy adults. Future research is needed to explore its application in clinical settings.

Indexed as

BehaviorPsychometricsCross-Sectional StudiesEuropean PeopleHumansLanguageTranslationsAction identificationAgencyConstrual levelOutcome assessmentPsychometrics

Identifiers

PMID41423549
PMCPMC12749459

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.