Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41423070›Full record

ArticleJournal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society2026

Loading of therapeutic cell penetrating peptides into extracellular vesicles for pulmonary fibrosis.

Neona M Lowe, Bryan B Nguyen, Rachel R Mizenko, Anastasia Trushchankova, Dustin J Hadley, Alyssa Panitch, Randy P Carney

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Neona M LoweDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Bryan B NguyenDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Rachel R MizenkoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Anastasia TrushchankovaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Dustin J HadleyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Alyssa PanitchWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
Randy P CarneyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. Electronic address: rcarney@ucdavis.edu.

Funding

Staff InvestigatorsP30CA093373 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI KC KENT LLOYD · 2002 to 2026
$84.9M
TRAINING IN COMPARATIVE LUNG BIOLOGY AND MEDICINET32HL007013 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI Elena Goncharova, Nicholas J. KENYON · 1985 to 2026
$10.1M
SERS diagnostics platform for liquid bioapsy analysis of tumor-associated exosomesR01CA241666 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI CARNEY, RANDY · 2020 to 2024
$2.5M
Bottom-up, high-throughput prototyping of extracellular vesicle mimetics using cell-free synthetic biologyR01EB034279 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Randy Carney, Cheemeng Tan · 2023 to 2026
$2.5M
Homogenized, engineered extracellular vesicles for intracranial targetingR01EB033389 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Randy Carney, Aijun Wang · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Training Program in PharmacologyT32GM144303 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Donald M Bers, JOHANNES W HELL · 2022 to 2026
$2.1M
Acquisition of a Q-Exactive Plus Mass SpectrometerS10OD025271 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI JEWELL, WILLIAM T · 2019 to 2019
$486k
Engineered extracellular vesicles as a targeted drug delivery system for multiple sclerosisF31NS120590 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI MIZENKO, RACHEL REGINA · 2022 to 2024
$109k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA093373NCI NIH HHS R01 CA241666NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007013NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB033389NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB034279NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM144303NIH HHS S10 OD025271NINDS NIH HHS F31 NS120590
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogenous lipid-bilayer wrapped nanoparticles with high potential as next generation drug delivery vehicles. Here we explore the use of EVs as a novel carrier of therapeutic cell penetrating peptides (CPPs). The loading of five different CPPs was characterized using single particle flow cytometry. We demonstrate that the different physiochemical properties of various CPP classes affect their interaction and loading into EVs. We reveal that CPPs partially, and passively, penetrate to the EV lumen, that loading is independent of EV source, and that EV surface proteins play a role in loading efficiency for cationic CPPs (i.e., TAT). Finally, the CPP therapeutic MK2i, which has been previously demonstrated to aid in the suppression of pulmonary fibrosis, was loaded into healthy fibroblast or diseased myofibroblast EVs. MK2i-loaded fibroblast EVs exhibited greater efficacy in both a preventative and treatment in vitro model of pulmonary fibrosis compared to MK2i-loaded myofibroblast EVs and free MK2i peptide. Together, this demonstrates the potential of CPP-loaded EVs as a targeted drug delivery system for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.

Indexed as

Cell-Penetrating PeptidesDrug CarriersExtracellular VesiclesPulmonary FibrosisAnimalsCell LineDrug Delivery SystemsFibroblastsHumansMyofibroblastsCell-Penetrating PeptidesDrug CarriersExosomeFlow cytometryNanoparticle drug deliverySingle-particle analysis

Identifiers

PMID41423070
PMCPMC12925618

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.