ArticleEnvironmental geochemistry and health2025
Spatial analysis of pollution source proximity to early childhood development centers in Gauteng.
Article in Environmental geochemistry and health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Air pollution is a major public health concern, particularly for young children who are vulnerable to its adverse effects due to their developing respiratory and immune systems. This study assesses spatial exposure risks for early childhood development centers (ECDs) in Gauteng, South Africa, by analyzing their proximity to major pollution sources. Geographic information systems were used to conduct buffer analysis, kernel density estimation (KDE) and spatial autocorrelation analysis (Global Moran's I) to identify pollution hotspots and potential clustering of ECDs located in high-risk areas. Statistically, the results showed significant spatial clustering of ECDs around pollution sources (Moran's I > 0, p < 0.05). Using secondary data, results show that Johannesburg and Ekurhuleni have the highest number of ECDs in high-risk zones, despite Tshwane having the most pollution sources. This highlights that exposure is not solely determined by the number of pollution sources but is influenced by spatial distribution and urban density. Integration of Sentinel-5P satellite NO
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