Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41422184›Full record

SynthesisJournal of thrombosis and thrombolysis2026

Full-dose heparin anticoagulation as prevention for COVID-19 disease progression in non-critically ill patients: An up-to-date brief meta-analysis.

Eros Pilia, Alessandro Belletti, Gabriele Finco, Giovanni Landoni

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Eros PiliaDepartment of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. dotterospilia@gmail.com.
Alessandro BellettiDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Rafaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Gabriele FincoDepartment of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Giovanni LandoniDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Rafaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effect of heparin full-dose anticoagulation on preventing COVID-19 disease progression in non-critically ill COVID-19 adult patients in accordance with the Cochrane methodology and the Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched PubMed/Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Clinicaltrials.gov (from inception to September 2025). Multicenter randomized controlled trials (mRCTs) comparing full-dose heparin anticoagulation with no full-dose anticoagulation (including prophylactic or intermediate-dose anticoagulation with heparin). The primary outcome was the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with the number CRD42022348993. We included 6 mRCTs in the analysis, randomizing a total of 5777 COVID-19 patients. The rate of need for invasive mechanical ventilation was lower in patients treated with full-dose heparin at 7.9% (226/2842) compared with 9.5% (279/2935) in those receiving prophylactic or intermediate-dose ([RR] = 0.81; 95% [CI] = 0.68–0.96; P = 0.01). The absolute risk (AR) of requiring invasive mechanical ventilation was 77 per 1.000 in patients treated with full-dose heparin, compared with 95 per 1.000 in patients treated with prophylactic or intermediate-dose heparin. According to our updated data analysis of high-quality mRCTs, full-dose anticoagulation with heparin can be considered an important strategy to prevent disease progression and the need for invasive organ support in hospitalized non-critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Indexed as

AnticoagulantsCOVID-19COVID-19 Drug TreatmentHeparinDisease ProgressionHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRespiration, ArtificialSARS-CoV-2AnticoagulantsHeparinAnticoagulantCOVID-19HeparinLMWHSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.