Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41421190›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of hygiene and environmental health2026

Psychosocial distress among individuals residing in a rural PFAS-contaminated community.

Elizabeth Scharnetzki, Lisa B Rokoff, Katherine Senechal, Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Abby F Fleisch, Rachel Criswell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Elizabeth ScharnetzkiCenter for Interdisciplinary Population & Health Research, MaineHealth Institute for Research, 1 Riverfront Plaza, Floor 4, Westbrook, ME, 04092, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. Electronic address: Elizabeth.Scharnetzki@mainehealth.org.
Lisa B RokoffCenter for Interdisciplinary Population & Health Research, MaineHealth Institute for Research, 1 Riverfront Plaza, Floor 4, Westbrook, ME, 04092, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
Katherine SenechalCenter for Interdisciplinary Population & Health Research, MaineHealth Institute for Research, 1 Riverfront Plaza, Floor 4, Westbrook, ME, 04092, USA.
Michelle Bosquet EnlowDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Abby F FleischCenter for Interdisciplinary Population & Health Research, MaineHealth Institute for Research, 1 Riverfront Plaza, Floor 4, Westbrook, ME, 04092, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA; Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Maine Medical Center, 22 Bramhall St, Portland, ME, 04102, USA.
Rachel CriswellCenter for Interdisciplinary Population & Health Research, MaineHealth Institute for Research, 1 Riverfront Plaza, Floor 4, Westbrook, ME, 04092, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA; Skowhegan Family Medicine, Redington-Fairview General Hospital, 46 Fairview Avenue, Skowhegan, ME, 04976, USA.

Funding

CTSA K12 Program at Tufts UniversityK12TR004384 · NCATS · TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON · PI Karen Freund, Lesley Ann Inker · 2023 to 2026
$6.1M
Prospective associations of childhood PFAS with metabolomic profiles, pubertal timing, and bone healthR01ES030101 · NIEHS · MAINEHEALTH · PI Abby Fleisch · 2019 to 2026
$3.6M
Exposure pathways and mental health impact of PFAS-contaminated biosolidsR21ES035596 · NIEHS · MAINEHEALTH · PI CRISWELL, RACHEL, FLEISCH, ABBY · 2023 to 2023
$430k
NCATS NIH HHS K12 TR004384NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES030101NIEHS NIH HHS R21 ES035596
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Few studies have evaluated how awareness of PFAS contamination impacts psychosocial distress. We sought to quantify psychosocial distress associated with awareness of drinking water PFAS contamination in the Maine Biosolids Study (n=146), a rural cohort affected by agricultural biosolids spreading. Participants had residential well water PFAS concentrations measured by the Department of Environmental Protection and were notified about concentrations above or below the Maine Interim Drinking Water Standard [∑6 PFAS (PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFHxS, PFHpA, PFDA) ≥20 ng/L]. We utilized negative binomial mixed effects regression to study associations of awareness of water PFAS above the Standard with PFAS-related psychosocial outcomes and state-dependent anxiety. We explored effect modification by pre-existing mental health diagnoses and resilience coping style. Fifty-eight percent of participants had drinking water PFAS above the Standard, and 35% had pre-existing mental health diagnoses. Affected participants with drinking water PFAS above the Standard had greater PFAS-related anxiety, worry and fears about health risk, and perceived stigma [for example, IRR

Indexed as

Drinking WaterEnvironmental ExposureFluorocarbonsPsychological DistressWater Pollutants, ChemicalAdultAgedAnxietyFemaleHumansMaineMaleMiddle AgedRural PopulationYoung AdultDrinking WaterFluorocarbonsWater Pollutants, ChemicalDrinking waterEnvironmental worryPFAS contaminationPublic risk perceptionsStigmaWell water

Identifiers

PMID41421190
PMCPMC12863575

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.