Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41420406›Full record

ArticlePhysiological reports2025

Sexually dimorphic developmental changes in rat spinal cord pain pathways following neonatal inflammation.

Kateleen E Hedley, Annalisa Cuskelly, Rikki K Quinn, Robert J Callister, Deborah M Hodgson, Melissa A Tadros

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In one paragraph

Article in Physiological reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kateleen E HedleySchool of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0009-0006-4523-4574
Annalisa CuskellyLaboratory of Neuroimmunology, School of Psychology, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Rikki K QuinnSchool of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Robert J CallisterSchool of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Deborah M HodgsonLaboratory of Neuroimmunology, School of Psychology, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Melissa A TadrosSchool of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-2649-5334

Funding

Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Early-life inflammation has a long-lasting impact on pain behaviors, with neonatal inflammation resulting in altered pain behaviors throughout life. Possible mechanisms underlying these changes lie within the first and second order neurons in the pain neuroaxis. We investigated neuroinflammatory markers in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and spinal cords (SC) of Wistar rats (both sexes) following neonatal injection with either LPS or saline (postnatal days (P) 3 and 5) and isolated tissues in early postnatal development. RT-qPCR revealed acute neuroinflammation in the DRGs, with expression levels of four inflammatory mediators elevated at P7, two at P13, and none at P21 in LPS-treated rats. In contrast, the SC showed no change in inflammatory mediators at P7, elevation of two at P13 and four at P21 in LPS-treated rats. These differences were greater in female SCs, indicating sex-specific modulation even at these early stages of postnatal development. The SCs of P21 LPS-treated rats also showed sex-specific modulation of astrocytes (GFAP), with females showing an increase and males a decrease in GFAP. Together, these data indicate that during early postnatal development DRG neurons are more susceptible to acute inflammation whereas inflammation is delayed in the SC, with sex-specific modulation occurring only in the SC.

Indexed as

Ganglia, SpinalInflammationNeuroinflammatory DiseasesPainSpinal CordAnimalsAnimals, NewbornAstrocytesFemaleGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinLipopolysaccharidesMaleRatsRats, WistarSex CharacteristicsGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinLipopolysaccharidesastrocytescytokinesdorsal root ganglailipolysaccharideMicroglia

Identifiers

PMID41420406
PMCPMC12717464

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.