Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41420219›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025

Treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors during pregnancy and occurrence of severe infections among exposed infants in Germany.

Christina Princk, Nadine Wentzell, Marlies Onken, Kathrin Thöne, Bianca Kollhorst, Christof Schaefer, Katarina Dathe, Ulrike Haug

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Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Christina PrinckDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
Nadine WentzellDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
Marlies OnkenInstitut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Pharmakovigilanz- und Beratungszentrum für Embryonaltoxikologie, Berlin, Germany.
Kathrin ThöneTechniker Krankenkasse, Hamburg, Germany.
Bianca KollhorstDepartment of Biometry and Data Management, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
Christof SchaeferInstitut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Pharmakovigilanz- und Beratungszentrum für Embryonaltoxikologie, Berlin, Germany.
Katarina Dathe *Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Pharmakovigilanz- und Beratungszentrum für Embryonaltoxikologie, Berlin, Germany.
Ulrike Haug *Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany. haug@leibniz-bips.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) are often used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Their use during pregnancy, particularly in the 2nd half, has been a matter of debate due to a potential risk of severe infections in infants. We aimed to describe (i) the dispensation of TNFi before and during pregnancy and (ii) the occurrence of hospitalizations with infections among prenatally exposed infants.

methodsUsing the GePaRD database (claims data covering 20% of the German population), we included pregnancies ending in a live birth between 2006 and 2018 in women aged 12-50 years with ≥ 1 dispensation of TNFi in the year before or during pregnancy. We assessed maternal exposure to TNFi and hospitalization with infections among infants in the first year of life.

resultsAmong 1,113 children included, 265 (23.8%) were exposed to TNFi after the 20th gestational week. Among these, the proportion of infants hospitalized due to an infection in the first year of life was 11.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.4%-16.1%). In 529 children (47.5%), TNFi were dispensed only in the 365 days before pregnancy. Of these, 11.3% (95% CI: 8.9%-14.3%) were hospitalized due to an infection.

conclusionsOur analyses showed that among children whose mothers used TNFi in the year before or during pregnancy, about one fourth was exposed to TNFi in the second half of pregnancy. Among these children, the proportion hospitalized with a severe infection in the first year of life was similar to that from mothers exposed only before pregnancy.

Indexed as

Autoimmune DiseasesInfectionsPregnancy ComplicationsPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaTumor Necrosis Factor InhibitorsAdolescentAdultChildFemaleGermanyHospitalizationHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaTumor Necrosis Factor InhibitorsInfantInfectionsPregnancyTumor necrosis factor inhibitor

Identifiers

PMID41420219
PMCPMC12831379

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