ArticleDiscover mental health2025
Prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder, gender differences and association with body mass index among medical students in Pakistan.
Article in Discover mental health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Time to Address Eating Disorder Risk Among Medical Students.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBody dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental disorder characterised by a preoccupation with some perceived defects or flaws in an individual’s physical appearance which often go unnoticed by others. The preoccupation causes marked stress and impairment of a person’s normal functioning. Limited studies have examined the prevalence based on the newer DSM-5 criteria for BDD, with very few done in Pakistan thus far. Studies on the association of BDD with BMI are limited and have yielded conflicting results.
objectiveThis study aimed to assess the point prevalence of BDD and gender differences, along with its association with BMI in medical students.
methodsThis cross-sectional study recruited medical students in a medical university in Lahore. Systematic random sampling was employed, the participants’ BMI was measured and a standard self-report questionnaire was filled by participants. Pearson’s Chi-Square test was used for group comparisons and associations between categorical variables, while Spearman’s Rank Correlation was applied for continuous variables.
resultsOf the 215 students included (109 males, 106 females), the prevalence of BDD was 4.65% (n = 10; 5 males and 5 females). The mean BMI was 23.07 ± 3.88 kg/m2, with 60.5% classified as normal weight. No significant association was found between BDD and BMI. Overall, 62.3% of students reported body dissatisfaction; males most often cited hair and fat, whereas females reported skin concerns, with significantly higher skin-related concerns among females (p = 0.010).
conclusionsBDD is notably prevalent among medical students, involving both genders equally, and is unaffected by BMI. The findings underscore the importance of addressing concerns related to outward appearance, suggesting a need for mental health support and early intervention in medical educational settings.
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