Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41420098›Full record

ArticleGeroScience2026

Age-dependent modulations of hemispheric small-world networks in different eye states: resting-state electroencephalogram research.

Chang Xu, Chuqiao Li, Tong Cui, Shaoqi Li, Xiaodong Han, Boye Wen, Cuibai Wei

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in GeroScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Chang XuDepartment of Neurology, Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Chuqiao LiDepartment of Neurology, Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Tong CuiCollege of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Shaoqi LiCollege of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Xiaodong HanDepartment of Neurology, Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Boye WenDepartment of Neurology, Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Cuibai WeiDepartment of Neurology, Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. weicb@xwhosp.org.

Funding

National Nature Science Foundation of China No. 82471450
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Normal aging triggers substantial topological transformation within resting-state electroencephalography (rs-EEG) networks. Given that the small-world (SW) architecture of hemispheric EEG networks may reflect an evolutionarily and developmentally optimized organization, investigating their modulations with age offers critical insights into the dynamic reorganization of functional connectivity (FC) patterns throughout adulthood. Utilizing rs-EEG data from a single-site public repository collected under eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions, we employed graph-theory methods to delineate age-related alterations in the SW architecture of hemispheric functional networks across a broad adult age range (20-70 years). In 539 cognitively intact individuals, undirected weighted FC networks were constructed using eLORETA-based lagged linear connectivity for each hemisphere and three subnetworks: default mode network (DMN), frontal network (FN), and attentional network (AN). Further quantitative analyses revealed that age-related changes in SW metrics were observed exclusively in the right hemisphere, evident during eyes-closed rest and in network reconfiguration upon eye opening (ΔSW). Right-hemispheric SW and ΔSW showed frequency- and network-specific modulation with age: in the alpha2 band, all three subnetworks exhibited increasing trends, with U-shaped trajectories in DMN and AN and a linear rise in FN. In other frequency bands, specific SW metrics displayed an inverted-U curve relationship with age (DMN: alpha1 SW, delta ΔSW; FN: gamma SW; AN: theta, alpha1, gamma SW, theta ΔSW) in later adulthood, whereas beta2 SW and gamma ΔSW in FN decreased linearly. These findings revealed a right-lateralized pattern of age-related changes in intrinsic SW architecture and provided an eyes-state-dependent baseline for evaluating hemispheric network impairments in age-related neuropsychiatric disorders.

Indexed as

AgingBrainElectroencephalographyNerve NetAdultAgedBrain MappingFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRestYoung AdultAgingEEGFunctional connectivityHemispheric asymmetryResting stateSmall world

Identifiers

PMID41420098
PMCPMC13601398

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.