Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41419814›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2025

Natural biostimulant formulations enriched with honey, iodine, and silymarin enhance drought tolerance and yield in faba bean (Vicia Faba L.) through antioxidant and hormonal regulation.

Mostafa M Rady, Amr Elkelish, Martin L Battaglia, Mona A A Abdel-Kawy, Gamal F Mohamed, Hanan A A Taie, Ragab S Taha, Haifa A S Alhaithloul, Mohamed A M Ali, Abdelghafar M Abu-Elsaoud and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC plant biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Mostafa M RadyBotany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.
Amr ElkelishBiology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box Riyadh 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Martin L BattagliaCenter for Sustainability Science, The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, 22203, USA.
Mona A A Abdel-KawyBotany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.
Gamal F MohamedBotany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.
Hanan A A TaiePlant Biochemistry Department, National Research Center, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, 33 Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
Ragab S TahaDepartment of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, BeniSuef, 62521, Egypt.
Haifa A S AlhaithloulBiology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed A M AliBiology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box Riyadh 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdelghafar M Abu-ElsaoudBiology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box Riyadh 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Tapsoba FrançoisLaboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, JosephKI-ZERBO University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. francois.tapsoba@ujkz.bf.
Ali A S SayedBotany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drought stress is a major limitation to legume productivity in arid and semi-arid regions. This study investigated the effectiveness of two novel natural biostimulant formulations (NBFs), composed of bee honey, potassium iodate, and silymarin selected for their complementary antioxidant and osmoprotective functions in enhancing drought tolerance in faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Plants were subjected to deficit irrigation (withholding one irrigation after every two cycles) and foliar-sprayed with NBFs containing either 7.5 g L⁻¹ (F1) or 15 g L⁻¹ (F2) bee honey combined with 25 mg L⁻¹ potassium iodate and 0.2 mg L⁻¹ silymarin. Deficit irrigation markedly reduced growth, photosynthetic pigments, water status, and yield, while elevating oxidative stress markers. Application of NBFs significantly alleviated these adverse effects by enhancing osmolyte accumulation, improving antioxidant defenses, and restoring photosynthetic efficiency. Hormonal regulation was also improved, with increases in auxin, gibberellins, and cytokinins, alongside reduced abscisic acid levels. Notably, F2 was more effective than F1 in maintaining leaf integrity and maximizing pod yield under drought. These results highlight the potential of honey-iodine-silymarin formulations as eco-friendly, cost-effective biostimulants to promote crop resilience and productivity under water-limited conditions, contributing to sustainable agriculture.

Indexed as

AntioxidantsDroughtsHoneyIodinePlant Growth RegulatorsVicia fabaDrought ResistanceOxidative StressPhotosynthesisPlant LeavesStress, PhysiologicalWaterAntioxidantsIodinePlant Growth RegulatorsWaterAgricultural sustainabilityAntioxidant defense systemsDroughtNatural biostimulantsVicia faba

Identifiers

PMID41419814
PMCPMC12717742

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.