ArticleGut2026
Tracking B cell immunity during perturbation of hepatitis B infection induced by treatment withdrawal.
Article in Gut, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dysregulated BCR repertoire and metabolic state of HBsAg-specific B cells in chronic hepatitis B revealed by integrated single-cell analysis.Hepatology communications · 2026Article
- A preS2 aa1-26-specific humoural response marks functional cure in chronic HBV infection.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Immune correlates of outcomes after nucleos(t)ide analogue withdrawal in chronic hepatitis B: direct evidence, mechanistic context, and candidate biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWithdrawal of prolonged nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment results in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss in some subjects with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), potentially revealing immune correlates of functional cure.
objectiveWe investigated whether baseline or longitudinal changes in humoral immunity correlated with outcome of discontinuing prolonged NA treatment.
designGlobal memory B cells (MBC) and T follicular helper cells (Tfh) were analysed by flow cytometry. HBs (small surface)/HBc (core)-MBC were quantified by ex-vivo bait staining and function assessed by cultured ELISpots (enzyme-linked immunosorbent spots). Immune parameters assessed at end-of-treatment (EOT), 12 and 48 weeks after treatment withdrawal (and at 4-8 years in a subset) were correlated with intrahepatic and longitudinal serum viral markers and alanine transaminase (ALT).
resultsIndividuals on prolonged NA had comparable frequencies of HBc-MBC and HBs-MBC, although the latter were PD-1
conclusionDifferences in global and HBs-specific B cell immunity associate with HBsAg loss, whereas HBc-MBC temporally associates with flares, following withdrawal of prolonged NA treatment. Our results underscore the need to further explore the potential of B cell targets for monitoring and enhancing HBV functional cure in larger cohorts.
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Registered trials
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