ArticleMemorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz2025
Mosquito-disseminated diflubenzuron and spinosad as alternatives to mosquito-disseminated pyriproxyfen: a proof-of-concept, blind, controlled comparison in experimental cages.
Article in Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMosquito-disseminated pyriproxyfen (MD-PPF) is a promising novel tool for urban-mosquito control, yet resistance to PPF (a juvenile-hormone analogue) may arise in exposed mosquito populations. Alternative larvicide/pupicide molecules suitable for mosquito-driven dissemination, but with distinct modes of action, are therefore needed.
objectivesTo provide a proof-of-concept evaluation of mosquito-disseminated diflubenzuron (MD-DFB, a chitin-synthesis inhibitor) and spinosad (MD-SPN, a biological neurotoxin composite) as potential alternatives to MD-PPF.
methodsWe studied Aedes aegypti-driven dissemination in 20 blind, controlled experiments run in 110 × 90 × 30-cm cages. Of primary interest was whether and how (a) mosquito-driven dissemination affected adult-mosquito emergence (1705 larvae in 40 open and 20 closed cups set inside cages; generalised linear mixed models) and (b) exposure to larvicide/pupicide-treated dissemination stations affected adult-female lifespan (400 females released inside cages; proportional-hazards mixed models).
findingsAdult-mosquito emergence was similar across treatments in closed cups. In open cups, average emergence fell from ~90% [95% confidence interval (CI), 84-95%] in control cages to ~30% (20-43%), ~56% (42-69%), and ~75% (63-85%) in, respectively, MD-PPF, MD-DFB, and MD-SPN cages. Exposure to SPN, but not to DFB or PPF, clearly reduced adult-female lifespan (SPN death-hazard ratio 2.4; 1.2-5.0).
conclusionMosquito-disseminated diflubenzuron holds promise as a potential alternative to MD-PPF; further testing in field settings seems warranted.
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