Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41417124›Full record

ArticleEuropean radiology2026

Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: lesion frequency distribution maps and prognostic importance of brain contusions on early MRI.

Tiril Svaasand Eliassen, Lars Eirik Bø, Anne-Mari Holte Flusund, Anne Katharina Köster, Nada Andelic, Toril Skandsen, Anne Vik, Kent Gøran Moen

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In one paragraph

Article in European radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Tiril Svaasand EliassenDepartment of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. tirile@stud.ntnu.no.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-0116-1186
Lars Eirik BøDepartment of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, Trondheim, Norway.
Anne-Mari Holte FlusundDepartment of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Anne Katharina KösterDepartment of Radiology, Møre and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Molde Hospital, Molde, Norway.
Nada AndelicInstitute of Health and Society, Research Centre for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Toril SkandsenDepartment of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Anne VikDepartment of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Kent Gøran MoenDepartment of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.

Funding

ERA-NET NEURON 811171Liaison Committee 90375700Norges Forskningsråd 280282
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveBrain contusion frequency, distribution and prognostic value were investigated on early MRI in moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIALS AND

methodsWe prospectively included 301 patients (8-70 years) admitted to Trondheim or Oslo University Hospitals with moderate (n = 123) or severe (n = 178) TBI and brain contusion(s) on MRI within 6 weeks (median 9 days) post-injury. Volumetric segmentation of brain contusions was performed manually on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI. The segmentations were combined into lesion frequency distribution maps for the whole cohort, moderate and severe TBI separately and three outcome categories. The 12-month outcome was assessed with the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE). Relationship with the outcome was evaluated visually, with adjusted analyses and with voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM).

resultsThe frontal (75%) and temporal (82%) lobes had the highest frequency of brain contusions. There was no significant difference in total lesion volume between moderate and severe TBI (median: moderate TBI 15.8 cm

conclusionIn this MRI cohort study, we found similar distributions and volumes of brain contusions in moderate-severe TBI. The brain contusion volume significantly predicted the 12-month outcome, whereas the lesion location was not associated with the outcome. KEY POINTS: Question Accurate prognostic models for TBI are important for clinical decision making, but the value of including MRI measures remains unclear. Findings In moderate and severe TBI, brain contusions had the highest frequency in frontotemporal regions. Contusion volume predicted 12-month functional outcome, whereas there was no association with location. Clinical relevance Our findings indicate that brain contusion volume is more important for functional outcomes than lesion location. The brain contusion volume should be included in future AI models as one predictor of patient outcome after TBI.

Indexed as

Brain ContusionBrain Injuries, TraumaticMagnetic Resonance ImagingAdolescentAdultAgedBrainChildFemaleGlasgow Outcome ScaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProspective StudiesYoung AdultBrain contusionBrain mappingNeuroimagingPatient outcome assessment

Identifiers

PMID41417124
PMCPMC13086803

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.