Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41416461›Full record

ArticleTwin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies2026

The Interplay of Genes and Environment Across Multiple Studies (IGEMS) Consortium After Fifteen Years.

Deborah Finkel, Brian K Finch, Margaret Gatz, Kaare Christensen, Carol E Franz, Ida K Karlsson, William S Kremen, Robert F Krueger, Michelle Lupton, Nicholas Martin and 14 more

Abstract readTwin Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Deborah Finkel *Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-2470
Brian K Finch *Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Margaret GatzCenter for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Kaare ChristensenThe Danish Twin Registry and Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-5292
Carol E FranzDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Ida K KarlssonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
William S KremenDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Robert F KruegerDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Michelle LuptonQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Nicholas MartinQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4069-8020
Matt McGueDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Miriam A MosingDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Jenae NeiderhiserDepartment of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Marianne NygaardDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Elizabeth Prom-WorleyDepartment of Epidemiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Chandra ReynoldsDepartment of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Perminder SachdevCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Elina SillanpääFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Eero VuoksimaaInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Keith E WhitfieldJohns Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Orla HaydenCenter for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Ellen WaltersCenter for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Nancy L PedersenDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
IGEMS consortium

Funding

U19 MIDlife in the United States-Diversity Supplement-WellsU19AG051426 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI CAROL D. RYFF · 2016 to 2026
$74.8M
STATISTICS COREP01AG020166 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI RYFF, CAROL D. · 2002 to 2015
$50.6M
The VETSA Longitudinal Twin Study of Cognition and Aging (VETSA 4)R01AG050595 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ELMAN, JEREMY A, FRANZ, CAROL ELAINE · 2015 to 2024
$28.0M
The VETSA Longitudinal MRI Twin Study of AgingR01AG022381 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2003 to 2019
$22.3M
Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development & cognitive aging (CATSLife2)R01AG046938 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI REYNOLDS, CHANDRA A, WADSWORTH, SALLY J · 2015 to 2024
$18.5M
TRAJECTORIES OF MORTALITY IN CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANSP01AG008761 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI JOHNSON, THOMAS E. · 1990 to 2008
$17.5M
The VETSA Longitudinal Twin Study of Cognition and AgingR01AG018384 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI LYONS, MICHAEL J. · 2002 to 2012
$9.8M
The VETSA longitudinal twin study of cognition and agingR01AG018386 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2002 to 2012
$9.7M
The VETSA Longitudinal MRI Twin Study of Aging (VETSA MRI 4)R01AG076838 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ANDERS M DALE, Jeremy A Elman · 2022 to 2026
$8.7M
Risk for Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Decline in Project TALENTR01AG056163 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI PRESCOTT, CAROL ARLENE · 2016 to 2020
$5.4M
Differences in the association of education with ADRD across countries, historical eras, and men and women.R01AG081248 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI DEBORAH G FINKEL, Brian K. Finch · 2024 to 2026
$3.6M
ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL ABUSE: A TWIN-STUDY PERSPECTIVER37AA012502 · NIAAA · TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY · PI ROSE, RICHARD JOSEPH · 2000 to 2009
$2.9M
NIAAA NIH HHS K05 AA000145NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA009203NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA012502NIAAA NIH HHS R37 AA012502NIA NIH HHS P01 AG008761NIA NIH HHS P01 AG020166NIA NIH HHS R01 AG008724NIA NIH HHS R01 AG010175NIA NIH HHS R01 AG013662NIA NIH HHS R01 AG018384NIA NIH HHS R01 AG018386NIA NIH HHS R01 AG022381NIA NIH HHS R01 AG022982NIA NIH HHS R01 AG043656NIA NIH HHS R01 AG046938NIA NIH HHS R01 AG050595NIA NIH HHS R01 AG056163NIA NIH HHS R01 AG076838NIA NIH HHS R01 AG081248NIA NIH HHS R01 AG089666NIA NIH HHS R21 AG039572NIA NIH HHS R21 AG087486NIA NIH HHS U19 AG051426NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH054610Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Interplay of Genes and Environment across Multiple Studies (IGEMS) is a consortium of 21 twin studies from 5 countries (Australia, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, and United States) established to explore the nature of gene-environment interplay in cognitive, physical, and emotional health across the adult lifespan. The combined data from over 145,000 participants (aged 18 to 108 years at intake) has supported multiple research projects over the three phases of development since its inception in 2010. Phases 1 and 2 focused on launching and growing the consortium and supported important developments in data harmonization, analyses of data pooled across multiple studies, incorporation of linkages to national registries and conscription data, and integration of molecular genetic and classical twin designs. IGEMS Phase 3 focuses on developing appropriate infrastructure to maximize utilization of this large twin consortium for aging research.

Indexed as

AgingDiseases in TwinsGene-Environment InteractionRegistriesTwinsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAustraliaFemaleFinlandHumansMaleMiddle AgedSwedenAgingDementiaEarly life adversityGene–environment interplayHealthSocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID41416461
PMCPMC13033607

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.