Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41416395›Full record

ReviewFuture cardiology2026

Managing cardiovascular risk factors in patients with Sjögren's disease: a comprehensive approach.

Dilia Giuggioli, Anna Vittoria Mattioli, Marcello Pinti

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Future cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Dilia GiuggioliRheumatology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0041-3695
Anna Vittoria MattioliNational Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1487-9530
Marcello PintiNational Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9118-1262

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sjögren's disease (SjD) is a systemic autoimmune disease primarily affecting exocrine glands, but increasingly recognized for its association with elevated cardiovascular risk. Chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and metabolic disturbances contribute to this burden. To summarize the mechanisms linking SjD to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and propose evidence-based strategies for risk assessment and management, we reviewed the current literature on immune-mediated vascular dysfunction, autoantibody profiles, dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, and lifestyle factors in SjD. It also evaluates pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions. SjD patients exhibit both traditional and disease-specific cardiovascular risk factors. Autoantibody positivity (anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB) correlates with increased risk of thrombotic events. Systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are central to pathogenesis. Statins, ACE inhibitors, and metformin show promise in mitigating risk. Lifestyle interventions, including Mediterranean diet and aerobic exercise, offer additional benefits. Thus, cardiovascular risk management should be an integral part of SjD care. A multidisciplinary approach combining clinical evaluation, targeted therapies, and lifestyle modification is essential to reduce morbidity and improve outcomes.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesSjogren's SyndromeDisease ManagementHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansLife StyleRisk AssessmentRisk Factorsaerobic exerciseautoantibodiesCardiovascular riskendothelial dysfunctionlifestyle interventionssystemic inflammation

Identifiers

PMID41416395
PMCPMC12915844

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.