Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41416014›Full record

ArticleHealth services insights2025

Is Childcare Availability in Addiction Treatment Associated with County-Level Childcare Prices and Median Income in the United States?

Orrin D Ware, G Rose Geiger, Malina A Howard, Stefani N Baca-Atlas, Michael H Baca-Atlas

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health services insights, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Orrin D WareSchool of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-5324
G Rose GeigerSchool of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Malina A HowardSchool of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Stefani N Baca-AtlasCarolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Michael H Baca-AtlasSchool of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Funding

POPULATION STUDIEST32HD007168 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ELIZABETH A FRANKENBERG · 1985 to 2026
$13.8M
NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: When parents or other guardians of children need treatment for a substance use disorder, it presents challenges impacting both them and their children, as a lack of childcare can be a barrier to treatment access. However, some treatment facilities provide childcare services to increase access. Little is known about how local economic factors like childcare costs and income levels are associated with the availability of childcare services in addiction treatment programs in the United States. Objectives: This study's objectives were twofold: (1) assess whether county-level childcare prices are associated with the availability of childcare services in substance use disorder treatment facilities, and (2) assess whether county-level median household income is associated with the availability of childcare services in substance use disorder treatment facilities. Design: This is a cross-sectional study. Methods: This study examined n = 9003 substance use disorder treatment facilities in the United States. Childcare costs and median income estimates were linked with facilities based on the county in which they were located. Univariable and bivariable statistics were used to examine the facilities. An adjusted logistic regression model was used to evaluate associations between childcare availability and county-level economic indicators, while controlling for facility-level characteristics. Results: Approximately 5.7% (n = 514) of the facilities in the sample had childcare services. The multivariable logistic regression model identified factors associated with facilities having childcare including having outpatient and residential treatment (compared to having only outpatient only), accepting females only (compared to accepting males only), having a pregnant or postpartum program/group, accepting Medicaid, slightly higher county-level toddler center prices, and slightly higher county-level preschool center prices. Conclusion: Local childcare costs, but not median income appears to be slightly associated with the availability of childcare services in substance use disorder treatment settings. Economic investment in family-friendly services may help reduce access barriers for parents seeking treatment.

Indexed as

childcarecountyeconomyfamilysubstance use disorder

Identifiers

PMID41416014
PMCPMC12708984

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.