ArticleSultan Qaboos University medical journal2025
Comparison of Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength in Women With Vaginal Delivery and Caesarean Section After 1-3 Years:
Article in Sultan Qaboos University medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Transperineal ultrasound-based outcomes of postpartum pelvic floor recovery after elective cesarean section versus vaginal delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to compare pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS) in women who had vaginal delivery with episiotomy and those who underwent planned caesarean section 1-3 years postpartum. Methods: This retrospective cohort included 208 women from Taleghani Hospital, Arak, Iran, recruited by purposive sampling between May and August 2022. Participants were allocated to two groups: 104 with vaginal delivery and episiotomy and 104 with planned caesarean section. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire and a perineometer to assess PFMS. Statistical analyses used the independent-samples t test and multiple linear regression. Results: The mean (± standard deviation) PFMS was 28.6 ± 7.9 in the vaginal delivery group and 29.1 ± 7.1 in the caesarean section group (perineometer scale: 2-124 units). No significant between-group difference was observed (mean difference =-0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.6 to 1.5; Conclusion: Mode of childbirth-vaginal delivery with episiotomy or planned caesarean section-did not significantly influence PFMS 1-3 years postpartum. Caesarean section did not demonstrate a protective effect on PFMS. These findings suggest that concerns about long-term PFMS should not be a primary factor when considering caesarean section over vaginal delivery.
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