ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025
Reliability of judging in Olympic breaking at the 2024 Paris games.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Consistency of Judging Under the World Boxing 10-Point Must Scoring System: Single-Judge and Five-Judge Aggregate Reliability Across the 60 kg, 75 kg, and 90+ kg Categories at the 2025 World Boxing Championships.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Revisiting judging reliability in taekwondo freestyle Poomsae: implications for AI-supported evaluation.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
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Abstract
Introduction: Although breakdancing was adopted as an Olympic sport at the 2024 Paris Olympics, difficulty of techniques and objective evaluation criteria for each technique were not clearly defined. The reliability of the evaluation system for breaking at the 2024 Olympics has not yet been analysed in the literature. This study reviews research on judging in other aesthetic sports and aims to evaluate the reliability of the scoring results for breakdancing at the 2024 Paris Olympics. Methodology: The results of the 2024 Paris Olympics were extracted from the official Olympics website. The competition was conducted in a one-on-one battle format. Using a slide bar, the judges evaluated which dancer performed better in five categories: technique, vocabulary, originality, execution, and musicality. Absolute deviations from the final score for individual judges were calculated as measures of bias for validity analysis. The reliability of the evaluation was assessed using the intra-class correlation coefficients and Kendall's W. Results: This study found that the reliability of the judges' scores was equivalent to that of DanceSport and hip-hop dance competitions and was considerably lower than that of artistic gymnastics competitions. Moreover, the originality category demonstrated good reliability, while the other four categories showed poor reliability. The judges were aware of the characteristics of breakdancing, where the winner was determined by the impressions and excitement of the audience, and this may have led to more reliable scoring in the artistic rather than in the technical category. Discussion: These results will contribute to developing a more reliable evaluation system for hip-hop dance competitions.
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