Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41414676›Full record

ArticleInterdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery2026

Impact of Operating Room Efficiencies on Patient Outcomes Following Primary Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery.

Jay A Patel, Mohamad El Moheb, Raymond Strobel, Anthony V Norman, Alexander M Wisniewski, Matthew P Weber, Steven Young, Andrew M Young, Evan P Rotar, Abdulla Damluji and 12 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Jay A PatelDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23219, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6369-2759
Mohamad El MohebDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Raymond StrobelDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Anthony V NormanDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Alexander M WisniewskiDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Matthew P WeberDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Steven YoungDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Andrew M YoungDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Evan P RotarDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Abdulla DamlujiInova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA, 22042, United States.
Michael C KontosDivision of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23219, United States.
Alan SpeirInova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA, 22042, United States.
Michael MazzeffiDivision of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Jared BellerInova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA, 22042, United States.
Ramesh SinghInova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA, 22042, United States.
Mark JosephDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, 23219, United States.
Clifford E FonnerVirginia Cardiac Services Quality Initiative, South Riding, VA, 20152, United States.
Ourania PreventzaDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Kenan YountDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
Nicholas R TemanDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States.
Robert LanceyDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sentara Cardiothoracic Surgery Specialists, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, United States.
Mohammed QuaderDivision of Cardiac Surgery, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23219, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesProlonged cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is associated with poor outcomes, however, the association of other operating room (OR) times is less understood. We studied the impact of OR times on outcomes and resource utilization after CABG.

methodsPatients undergoing isolated primary CABG from a large multicentre regional collaborative were analysed. The impact of risk-adjusted total OR, surgery, non-surgery, CPB, and off-CPB times on morbidity, extubation time, ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS), cost, and mortality, was studied. Multivariable regressions were performed adjusting for STS predicted risk of morbidity or mortality, intraoperative blood transfusion, CPB time, cross-clamp time, presence of a cardiothoracic surgery fellowship program, and year of surgery. Our adjustment accounted for patient and intraoperative factors that contribute to complexity and intraoperative course of surgery. All models incorporated centre as a random effect to account for hospital-level variations.

resultsAmong 29 206 patients (mean age 64.8 years, 76% male), median OR, surgery, non-surgery, and CPB times were 308, 235, 72, and 141 minutes, respectively. Longer surgery times were significantly associated with complications, prolonged ventilation, longer ICU and hospital LOS, and mortality. Similarly, increasing non-surgery OR time was significantly associated with worse outcomes, including longer LOS and complications. Each additional 15 minutes in the OR was associated with increased odds of complications, mortality, and cost.

conclusionsLonger non-surgical OR times are associated with adverse outcomes and increased cost. Improving OR efficiency may contribute to better patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Coronary Artery BypassEfficiency, OrganizationalOperating RoomsAgedCardiopulmonary BypassFemaleHospital CostsHospital MortalityHumansLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedOperative TimePostoperative ComplicationsRetrospective StudiesRisk Factorsbypass timecoronary artery bypassoperating room efficiency

Identifiers

PMID41414676
PMCPMC12774465

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.