Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41414034›Full record

ArticleJournal of dental education2026

Evaluating the Prevalence of Academic Entitlement in Dental Students.

Skylar Mai, Erin Maruska, Luma Odeh, Joseph Flask, Andrea Zandona, Brandon Key, Julian N Holland, Neha Parikh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of dental education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Skylar MaiSchool of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Erin MaruskaA.T. Still University-Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, Mesa, Arizona, USA.
Luma OdehDepartment of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Joseph FlaskCollege of Dental Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA.
Andrea ZandonaDepartment of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Brandon KeyDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Julian N HollandSchool of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Neha ParikhDepartment of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate the prevalence of academic entitlement (AE) and its correlation with academic performance and demographic factors across five US dental schools.

methodsPredoctoral dental students were assessed for AE level using two validated survey instruments (A and B). Based on median academic entitlement score (AES) for each instrument, student responses were categorized into high or low AE. The AES was correlated with the demographic background, program-related variables, and academic performance using Pearson's chi-squared, Fisher's exact, and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum tests (p < 0.05).

resultsBased on admission statistics from the surveyed dental schools, the survey achieved a 17% response rate (502/2944). Of the 502 respondents, 70 students (13.9%) exhibited high AE, scoring above the median AES on one or both instruments. The highest-scoring AE statements pertained to students' expectations of professors regarding exam preparation and grading policies. Demographic factors, including dental class, age, gender, and advanced standing status, did not significantly correlate with AES. Ethnicity correlated with AES only in survey Instrument B. Although not statistically significant, students with self-reported exam failure or course remediation tended to have higher AE.

conclusionsThe prevalence of AE among dental students is relatively low, with 13.9% (70/502) exhibiting high AE. Most demographic factors and program variables did not have a significant impact on AE levels. However, there is a trend toward higher AE among students who reported exam failures or course remediations, suggesting a need for further investigation into factors influencing AE in dental education.

Indexed as

Academic PerformanceEducation, DentalStudents, DentalEducational MeasurementFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceSchools, DentalUnited Statesacademic entitlementacademic successcourse remediationpredoctoral dental education

Identifiers

PMID41414034
PMCPMC13568832

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.