Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41413941›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2026

Stunting Increases Influenza Virus Shedding Duration in Preschool/School-Aged Children.

Mia Q Zhu, Guillermina Kuan, Hannah E Maier, Roger Lopez, Abigail Shotwell, Miguel Plazaola, Sergio Ojeda, Nery Sanchez, Angel Balmaseda, Aubree Gordon

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Mia Q ZhuDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-5567-8040
Guillermina KuanSustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua.
Hannah E MaierDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5761-0801
Roger LopezSustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua.
Abigail ShotwellDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Miguel PlazaolaSustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua.
Sergio OjedaSustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua.
Nery SanchezSustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua.
Angel BalmasedaSustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua.
Aubree GordonDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9352-7877

Funding

NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response: Universal Influenza Vaccine Research Activities75N93021C00016 · NIAID · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI WEBBY, RICHARD · 2021 to 2025
$91.4M
Flu Dynamics COVID-19 SupplementR01AI120997 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI GORDON, AUBREE L · 2017 to 2021
$4.1M
NIAID NIH HHS 75N93021C00016NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400006CNIAID NIH HHS R01 AI120997University of Michigan
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The role of undernutrition on influenza virus shedding is unclear. We assessed stunting, an indicator of chronic undernutrition, as a predictor of shedding duration in children in the Household Influenza Cohort Study, in Managua, Nicaragua. Stunted children, aged 3-9 years, shed influenza longer than their nonstunted peers. In sub-group analysis, associations were driven by H3N2 and influenza B (IB) infections. Analysis of cycle threshold (Ct) values showed slower clearance of IB viruses in stunted children. These findings suggest undernutrition may prolong influenza shedding, with implications for transmission dynamics and control strategies in low- and middle-income countries where stunting remains prevalent.

Indexed as

Growth DisordersInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeInfluenza B virusInfluenza, HumanVirus SheddingChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleNicaragua

Identifiers

PMID41413941
PMCPMC13016895

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.