Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41413617›Full record

ArticleVeterinary research2025

European multinational outbreak of Salmonella Umbilo linked to rocket salad and baby spinach traced to buffalo farms in Italy, 2024 to 2025.

Rossana Ferraro, Sara Petrin, Alfonso Gallo, Giovanni Cenere, Silvano Salaris, Domenico Alfano, Carmelo Morena, Giovanna Serluca, Anna Balestrieri, Yolande Therese Rose Proroga and 6 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Rossana FerraroNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy. rossa.ferraro1996@gmail.com.
Sara PetrinItalian National Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Padua, Italy.
Alfonso GalloNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.
Giovanni CenereItalian National Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Padua, Italy.
Silvano SalarisItalian National Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Padua, Italy.
Domenico AlfanoNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.
Carmelo MorenaNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.
Giovanna SerlucaNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.
Anna BalestrieriNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.
Yolande Therese Rose ProrogaNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.
Antonio GuarnieriAnimal Welfare and the Fight Against Maltreatment (CRiBBAM), Regional Reference Centre for Biosecurity, Caserta, Italy.
Sabato De VitaNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.
Maurizio Della RotondaExecutive Task Force Prevention and Veterinary Public Health, Region Campania, Naples, Italy.
Donato De NicolaFarm Animal Veterinarian, Salerno, Italy.
Lisa BarcoItalian National Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Delle Venezie, Padua, Italy.
Giorgio GalieroNational Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Following RASFF Alert 2024.7033 (Salmonella Umbilo in rocket from Italy), an investigation was conducted on three buffalo farms in Salerno, Southern Italy, located near the horticultural company implicated in the production of contaminated rocket salad and baby spinach linked to the outbreak. Salmonella Umbilo was isolated from faecal samples of buffalo calves in one of the three farms, and whole-genome sequencing confirmed a genetic match with the outbreak strain. Irrigation channels positioned close to animal housing were identified as potential contamination pathways. Corrective measures were promptly implemented to minimise the risk of further contamination.

Indexed as

BuffaloesDisease OutbreaksSalmonellaSalmonella Infections, AnimalSpinacia oleraceaAnimalsFecesItalybaby spinachbiosecuritygenomic sequencingRocket saladSalmonella Umbilowater buffalo

Identifiers

PMID41413617
PMCPMC12715965

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.