SynthesisBMC veterinary research2025
Coxiella burnetii in Pakistan: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC veterinary research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Seroprevalence of Q-fever among domestic ruminants, humans and ticks in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Veterinary and animal science · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coxiella (C.) burnetii is a zoonotic pathogen that can infect humans, domestic and wildlife animals, and non-mammalian species. The pathogen is prevalent worldwide and exhibits high environmental stability; therefore, it has “One Health” significance. The objective of this meta-analysis was to summarize findings from studies about C. burnetii in Pakistan and included 19 published articles from 2015 to 2023. The collection and evaluation of scientific literature published on C. burnetii in Pakistan were done in accordance with PRISMA criteria. Three internet databases—Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct—were used to find published research articles. The results showed 19 eligible studies involving small ruminants, large ruminants, camels, soil, ticks, and women from three provinces of Pakistan. The occurrence of infection was high in camels (31.3%) based on one study only, which limits its reliability, medium in goats and sheep (20.39% and 20.01% respectively), and low in women (8.41%). The maximum number of studies was conducted in Punjab (89.47%). The current study found that published information was scarce on the prevalence and distribution of C. burnetii in animals, humans (including men, women, and children), and the environment. The high heterogeneity was also observed in the estimated pooled prevalence. Future research might be focused on addressing these limitations and filling the gaps between the veterinary and human health systems. Improving diagnostics, standardizing reporting, and conducting large-scale studies are essential for estimating the real impact of Q fever and coxiellosis on public health and animals in Pakistan.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.