ReviewDiscover nano2025
Research trends and hotspots of upconversion nanoparticles for drug delivery and biomedical targeting in photodynamic therapy.
Review in Discover nano, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Surface bioengineering of lanthanide nanoparticles for theranostic applications: From hydrophilic modification to multimodal imaging and therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Natural Product-Based Upconversion-Downshifting Photosensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Lanthanide-Doped REVOSensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThis study presents a bibliometric analysis of research trends and emerging hotspots in upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) for drug delivery and biomedical targeting in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
methodsWe retrieved 474 publications from the Web of Science (2007-2025) and analyzed publication trends, contributions from countries, institutions, and authors, keyword co-occurrence, citation bursts, and co-citation networks using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, HistCite, and R software.
resultsUCNP-PDT research progressed through three distinct phases, with China and the USA contributing the most publications. Nanoscale published the highest number of articles, while high-impact reviews appeared in Chemical Society Reviews and Advanced Materials. Emerging research focuses include the tumor microenvironment, metal-organic frameworks, combination therapies, and antimicrobial PDT.
conclusionUCNP-PDT has evolved from simple photosensitizer loading to multifunctional nanoplatforms, expanding applications to cancer therapy, infection control, and immune modulation. Clinical translation remains limited by size-efficiency trade-offs, low-power irradiation, hypoxia, tissue heating under 980 nm excitation, GMP-compliant production, and insufficient long-term biosafety data. Future advances require coordinated strategies integrating material optimization, mechanistic insight, and translational considerations to achieve safe, scalable, and effective UCNP-PDT for clinical use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.