ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025
HIV-associated CD8+ encephalitis confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid flow cytometry: first case in Colombia.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Pathogens of the human central nervous system-the major viral pathogens.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Review
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Encephalitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be caused by opportunistic infections, immune-mediated processes, or direct viral damage. CD8 + encephalitis is a rare condition. We report the first confirmed case in Colombia, diagnosed by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow cytometry. Clinical case: A 50-year-old man with a history of liver cirrhosis and HIV, who had suspended antiretroviral treatment 1 month prior to admission, presented to the emergency department with a 2-day history of disorientation, bradyphrenia, dysarthria, and headache. Neurological examination revealed agitation, disorientation, language, memory, and abstraction difficulties, as well as ataxia and generalized chorea. The patient's CD4 count was 838 cells. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral asymmetric leukoencephalopathy, and lumbar puncture revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis. After ruling out other differential diagnoses, flow cytometry confirmed the diagnosis of CD8 + encephalitis by identifying 42 cells (59.73% CD8 Discussion: CD8 Conclusion: CD8-mediated encephalitis is a rare condition that requires a complex diagnosis. We present a case of an HIV patient who responded well to corticosteroid therapy without the need for a brain biopsy, confirmed by flow cytometry.
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