Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41408242›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2025

Assessment of marginal bone loss, distal caries, and external root resorption in second molars adjacent to impacted third molars: a retrospective CBCT and panoramic study.

Vahide Hazal Abat, Gaye Keser, Hakan Yülek, Nimet Gencoglu, Filiz Namdar Pekiner

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Vahide Hazal AbatDepartment of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Uskudar University, Saray Mah. Site Yolu Cad. No:13-15A, Ümraniye, İstanbul, 34768, Turkey. hazalyargici@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7625-1111
Gaye KeserDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty Başıbüyük Sağlık, Marmara University, Yerleşkesi Başıbüyük Yolu 9/3, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-4757
Hakan YülekDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty Başıbüyük Sağlık, Marmara University, Yerleşkesi Başıbüyük Yolu 9/3, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6931-0806
Nimet GencogluDepartment of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Uskudar University, Saray Mah. Site Yolu Cad. No:13-15A, Ümraniye, İstanbul, 34768, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0839-7324
Filiz Namdar PekinerDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty Başıbüyük Sağlık, Marmara University, Yerleşkesi Başıbüyük Yolu 9/3, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7426-5587

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImpacted third molars (M3s) are frequently associated with pathological changes in adjacent second molars (M2s), including marginal bone loss (MBL), distal caries (DCs), and external root resorption (ERR). Accurate radiographic assessment and identification of risk factors are crucial for timely intervention and informed clinical decision-making. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anatomical and positional risk factors of impacted M3s and pathological changes in adjacent M2s using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additionally, the diagnostic performance of panoramic radiography (PAN) was compared to CBCT in detecting early and advanced pathological conditions.

methodsCBCT and PAN radiographs obtained from 129 patients were evaluated, comprising a total of 301 impacted M3s and their adjacent M2s. The presence and severity of MBL, DCs, and ERR in M2s were systematically evaluated in relation to the anatomical characteristics of impacted M3s. Statistical analyses involved chi-square and Cohen’s kappa tests (p < 0.05).

resultsPathological changes were observed in 69.1% of M2s adjacent to impacted M3s. MBL was most common (63.5%), with 31.9% classified as severe. ERR occurred in 21.3% of M2s, mostly mild (53.1%), while DCs was least frequent (4.3%). M3s with mesioangular, horizontal, or transverse angulation, Class C impaction, and a contact point length > 1 mm were significantly associated with higher M2 pathology risk. CBCT demonstrated higher sensitivity compared to PAN, with low agreement between modalities, highlighting PAN’s limitations in detecting early or subtle pathological changes.

conclusionsThese results emphasize the need for thorough radiographic evaluation of impacted M3s, given their potential risks to adjacent M2s. Although the superior diagnostic capability of CBCT over PAN is well-established, this study uniquely correlates specific anatomical risk factors with CBCT-detected pathologies, thereby enhancing risk stratification for clinical decision-making. Furthermore, the proposed risk-based algorithm integrating CBCT findings supports more timely interventions and improved management of impacted M3s.

Indexed as

Alveolar Bone LossCone-Beam Computed TomographyDental CariesMolarMolar, ThirdRadiography, PanoramicRoot ResorptionTooth, ImpactedAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsYoung AdultCone-beam computed tomographyDistal cariesExternal root resorptionImpacted third molarMarginal bone lossPanoramic radiographyWisdom teeth

Identifiers

PMID41408242
PMCPMC12822085

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.