Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41408031›Full record

ArticleTherapeutic innovation & regulatory science2026

Digitalizing Risk Minimization Measures in EU: Explorative Co-design Workshops with Expert Stakeholders.

Mathias Møllebæk, Amalie Christine Bagger, Kirstine Lund Hansen, Sarah Homewood, Christine Hallgreen

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Article in Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mathias MøllebækCopenhagen Centre for Regulatory Science, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9960-9024
Amalie Christine BaggerCopenhagen Centre for Regulatory Science, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-0167-092X
Kirstine Lund HansenCopenhagen Centre for Regulatory Science, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-4862-5566
Sarah HomewoodDepartment of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-8246
Christine HallgreenCopenhagen Centre for Regulatory Science, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. christine.hallgreen@sund.ku.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7916-3915

Funding

Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking 945334
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPost-marketing risk minimization measures for medicines, e.g. package leaflets and patient cards, aim to ensure that patients and health care professionals receive timely and relevant medicines safety information. The use of digital technologies for risk minimization is emerging but still limited, despite being central in patients' and healthcare professionals' information access. There is currently limited high-level, strategic discussion about the digitalization of additional risk minimization measures.

objectiveTo elicit key expert stakeholders' future visions of digital risk minimization measures in the European Union and to explore possible policy and healthcare implications of future digital risk minimization technologies.

methodsCo-design workshops were conducted in three EU member states with clinicians, industry representatives, regulators, health information technology developers, and legal experts. Workshop transcripts and visual products were analyzed thematically in two coding cycles.

resultsDigitalizing risk minimization measures will transform roles, responsibilities, and collaborations, as stakeholders revise their remits with digital strategies and forge new collaborations to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of new digital solutions. Success depends on revised implementation pathways that reflect patients' and healthcare professionals' digital access to medicines information and the diverse information ecosystems across the EU. Patients may gain new roles as active data subjects through remote monitoring, raising new ethical and legal considerations.

conclusionDigital risk minimization in the EU offers opportunities for timely, personalized interventions but presents challenges in implementation complexity, healthcare professionals' workload, and patient ethics, warranting more focused policy deliberation and research on digital health.

Indexed as

Digital healthDigitalizationDrug regulationDrug safetyDrug safety communicationRisk minimization

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.