Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41407716›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Alternative antigen retention by a gp96-fusion approach induces long-lasting and broad immunity in mice.

Fang Cheng, Baifeng Wang, Xinran Zhu, Zihao Wang, Haoyu Wang, Rui Li, Chan Xing, Ying Ju, Rongguo Wei, Xin Li and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Fang Cheng *CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-5690-0146
Baifeng Wang *CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Xinran Zhu *CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Zihao WangCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Haoyu WangCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Rui LiCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Chan XingCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Ying JuCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
Rongguo WeiCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. unwrong@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9907-8606
Xin LiCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. lix@im.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9752-5000
Songdong MengCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China. mengsd@im.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5670-1533

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 32070163National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 32470997
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Efficient antigen delivery to B cells and dendritic cells (DC) is critical for enhancing vaccine immunogenicity. Here, we develop a dimeric vaccine strategy by fusing antigens to the N-terminal of heat shock protein GP96. This platform generates compact, nanoscale particles that fully exposed antigenic sites. We validate the vaccine strategy using the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) antigen in a viral challenge model with hACE2 mice and the human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 protein in a HeLa xenograft model with nude mice. The GP96 moiety directly bound its receptor, LRP1, thereby enhancing antigen accumulation on follicular DCs and prolonging lymph node retention, ultimately amplifying germinal center B cell responses. Furthermore, GP96-LRP1 interaction on DCs promotes antigen endocytosis, underpinning epitope presentation and robust cross-conserved T cell activation. Consequently, this design induces potent, durable humoral immunity, cross-conserved T cell responses, and pulmonary mucosal immunity, underscoring its promise as a versatile and effective vaccination strategy.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2AnimalsB-LymphocytesDendritic CellsFemaleGerminal CenterHeLa CellsHumansImmunity, HumoralMembrane GlycoproteinsMiceMice, NudePapillomavirus E7 ProteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsACE2 protein, humanAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2COVID-19 VaccinesendoplasminMembrane GlycoproteinsPapillomavirus E7 ProteinsRecombinant Fusion Proteins

Identifiers

PMID41407716
PMCPMC12795809

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.