Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41407663›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied behavior analysis2026

Unmasking social functions: Outcomes from a retrospective consecutive case series of 19 applications.

Jasmeen Kaur, Michelle A Frank-Crawford, John C Borrero

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jasmeen KaurDepartment of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7811-4372
Michelle A Frank-CrawfordDepartment of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4319-6317
John C BorreroDepartment of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-0892

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prior research has identified the potential dangers associated with challenging behavior, specifically self-injurious behavior, and has thus highlighted the need to employ protective procedures to ensure the safety of individuals with self-injurious behavior. Although protective procedures can sometimes suppress responding, some small-n studies suggest they can also elucidate or unmask social functions when the initial functional analysis indicates that challenging behavior is only automatically maintained. However, large-scale studies of functional analysis outcomes indicate that co-occurring automatically and socially maintained challenging behavior is relatively uncommon. We conducted a retrospective consecutive case series study to describe a set of procedures to unmask social functions when the initial functional analysis indicated an automatic function. Results suggest that protective procedures unmasked social functions in 26.32% of cases.

Indexed as

Problem BehaviorSelf-Injurious BehaviorSocial BehaviorAdolescentAdultChildFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesYoung Adultautomatically maintained behaviorfunctional analysisprotective proceduresunmasking social functions

Identifiers

PMID41407663
PMCPMC13500366

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.