Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41405808›Full record

ArticleWiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)2026

Vaccine hesitancy as a threat to global health? Rokitansky's De Varioloide Vaccinica-core issues in today's vaccination debates.

Ursula Rokitansky-Tilscher

Abstract readHistorical Article
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Ursula Rokitansky-TilscherCommission for the History and Philosophy of Sciences, Working Group: History of Medicine and Medical/Health Humanities, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Wien, Austria. ursula.rokitansky@a1.net.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This contribution explores Carl von Rokitansky's 1828 dissertation De Varioloide Vaccinica in light of contemporary vaccination debates. At a time when smallpox was still a major global threat and vaccine hesitancy was widespread, Rokitansky systematically analyzed post-vaccination disease patterns. He proposed a differential diagnosis distinguishing between variola vera (true smallpox), variola vaccinica (vaccinal cowpox), variolois vaccinica (mitigated smallpox in vaccinated individuals), and varicella vaccinica (often misclassified chickenpox). Rokitansky anticipated modern immunological concepts such as genetic predisposition, vaccine failure, immunosenescence, and even booster vaccination. His critical yet empirically grounded approach represents a pioneering contribution to evidence-based medicine and immunology.

Indexed as

Global HealthSmallpoxSmallpox VaccineVaccinationVaccination HesitancyAustriaChickenpoxHistory, 19th CenturyHumansSmallpox VaccineBooster vaccinationClemens von PirquetHistory of immunologyImmunological predispositionVaccine failureVaccine hesitancy

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.