ArticleOrthodontics & craniofacial research2026
Age-Related Osseous Measures of the Temporomandibular Joint and Mandibular Ramus During Childhood Assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Article in Orthodontics & craniofacial research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Decision-Making in Unilateral Progressive Condylar Growth of the Mandible: Biological Insights and the Role of Proportional Condylectomy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to provide age-related osseous measures of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and mandibular ramus in asymptomatic children and adolescents and to develop percentile reference data for ramus height. MATERIAL AND
methodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 133 asymptomatic participants (67 males, 66 females; age range 0-19 years) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the head, including the TMJs and posterior parts of the mandible. Mandibular ramus height, glenoid fossa depth, articular eminence inclination angle, and condylar dimensions (mediolateral and anteroposterior) were measured. A single observer assessed 266 TMJs, and a second observer repeated measurements for 80 TMJs to evaluate intra- and inter-observer reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. Age-related growth curves were estimated using the Box-Cox Cole and Green (BCCG) distribution, modeling median, coefficient of variation, and skewness as cubic spline functions of age. The optimal spline degrees of freedom were selected using the Bayesian information criterion. Percentile curves were derived, and biannual lookup tables were provided.
resultsRamus height, glenoid fossa depth, articular eminence angle, and condylar width increased with age, whereas condylar depth exhibited variable patterns during adolescence. Intra-observer reliability was excellent for all measurements. Ramus height and condylar width measurements demonstrated excellent inter-observer reliability, while glenoid fossa depth, articular eminence inclination angle, and condylar depth measurements showed good inter-observer reliability.
conclusionThis study provides age-related osseous measures of the TMJs and mandibular ramus in asymptomatic children and adolescents aged 0-19 years. The percentile curves for mandibular ramus height may aid in assessing growth in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis for monitoring disease activity and treatment responses.
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