Do it right the first time; implementation of three-dimensional technology for bone defect reconstruction in upper extremity surgery.

Hedayatullah Esmati, Tim de Jong, Kim Y Jochem, Vincent M A Stirler, Rob F M van Doremalen, Hinne A Rakhorst

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Journal of hand and microsurgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hedayatullah EsmatiDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Medical Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.

Tim de JongDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Kim Y JochemRadboudumc 3D Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Vincent M A StirlerRadboudumc 3D Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Rob F M van DoremalenMedical 3D Lab, Department of Medical Technology, Medical Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.

Hinne A RakhorstDepartment of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) technology has rapidly evolved from an innovative concept into an essential surgical tool. The increasing availability of high-resolution imaging, affordable 3D printers and user-friendly software has accelerated the integration of 3D technology into clinical practice, including upper extremity surgery. Despite the growing interest, many surgeons remain uncertain about how to practically implement this technique in clinical workflows. This review illustrates the clinical use of 3D technology in upper extremity bone defect reconstruction. We highlight both the preoperative and intraoperative applications of 3D technology, illustrated by detailed case examples. We also provide a practical guideline to support clinicians in adopting 3D technology as part of their routine surgical practice.

Indexed as

3D technologyPatient-specificUpper extremityVirtual planning

Identifiers

PMID41404637

DOI10.1016/j.jham.2025.100390

PMCPMC12703852

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.