Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41404289›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2026

Quantitative microbial risk assessment of human H5N1 infection from consumption of fluid cow's milk.

Katherine J Koebel, Ece Bulut, Samuel D Alcaine, Aljoša Trmčić, Mohammed Nooruzzaman, Lina M Covaleda, Diego G Diel, Renata Ivanek

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Katherine J KoebelDepartment of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.ORCID 0000-0003-4910-2131
Ece BulutDepartment of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.ORCID 0000-0002-4905-5198
Samuel D AlcaineDepartment of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.ORCID 0000-0001-7953-9145
Aljoša TrmčićDepartment of Food Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.ORCID 0000-0002-2249-5839
Mohammed NooruzzamanDepartment of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.ORCID 0000-0002-9358-1494
Lina M CovaledaDepartment of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.ORCID 0009-0008-4091-249X
Diego G DielDepartment of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.ORCID 0000-0003-3237-8940
Renata IvanekDepartment of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.ORCID 0000-0001-6348-4709

Funding

Graduate Training Program in Comparative MedicineT32OD011000 · OD · CORNELL UNIVERSITY · PI Amanda Marjorie DE MESTRE · 2012 to 2026
$5.7M
NIH HHS T32 OD011000
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The spillover of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b into dairy cattle has raised concerns over the safety of fluid milk. While no foodborne infection has been reported in humans, this strain has infected at least 70 people and milk from infected cows is known to be infectious by ingestion in multiple other species. Investigation into the public health threat of this outbreak is warranted. This farm-to-table quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) uses stochastic models to assess the risk of human infection from consumption of raw and pasteurized fluid cow's milk from the United States supply chains. These models were parameterized with literature emerging from this outbreak, then employed to estimate the H5N1 infection risk and evaluate multiple potential interventions aimed at reducing this risk. The median (5

Indexed as

dairy cattlefoodborne illnessH5N1milkpublic healthquantitative microbial risk assessment

Identifiers

PMID41404289
PMCPMC12704639

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.