ArticleCureus2025
A Comparison of Clinical, Neonatal, and Maternal Factors Between Early- and Late-Onset Group B Streptococcal Disease.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Group B streptococcus colonization and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women: a population-based study in northern Guangdong, China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundUniversal group B streptococcus (GBS) screening in pregnant people and maternal antibiotic prophylaxis have reduced the incidence of early-onset group B streptococcus (EOGBS) infection. Despite a lower incidence, there is still a high risk of morbidity and mortality without treatment, and there is limited knowledge about late-onset group B streptococcus (LOGBS) infection. Using statewide neonatal sepsis surveillance and hospital admission data, this study describes factors associated with EOGBS and LOGBS.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study combined statewide surveillance data for infants with GBS through Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) data between 2006 and 2020. Cases were defined as EOGBS (>7 days of age) or LOGBS (7-89 days of age). Chi-square tests and the Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis.
resultsOf the 322 identified cases, 106 (32.9%) were EOGBS, and 216 (67.1%) were LOGBS. LOGBS had a higher rate of meningitis (n = 65, 30.1%) compared to EOGBS (n = 11, 10.4%) (p > 0.001) and had a higher percentage of diagnosis via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (n = 51, 23.6%) compared to EOGBS (n = 5, 4.7%; p < 0.001). LOGBS were more likely to receive maternal antibiotics for GBS prophylaxis (n = 129, 61.1%) compared to EOGBS (n = 49, 46.2%; p = 0.012) and more doses of maternal antibiotics (3.39 doses) compared to EOGBS (1.59 doses, p = 0.010).
conclusionsDifferences in epidemiology and clinical manifestations of EOGBS and LOGBS support different approaches to prevent each entity. Strategies for EOGBS prevention include maternal antibiotic prophylaxis and maternal screening. The transmission and pathogenesis of LOGBS are likely different than EOGBS, creating a need for different preventative strategies. Potential mechanisms to prevent LOGBS include maternal vaccination.
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