ReviewCureus2025
Evaluating Molecular and Immune Biomarkers in Predicting Bladder Cancer Recurrence and Survival: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This systematic review comprehensively evaluates current evidence on molecular and biochemical biomarkers for predicting recurrence and prognosis in bladder cancer. A literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to September 2025, identifying 347 records. After rigorous screening and eligibility assessment, five studies met the inclusion criteria. The included research encompassed a range of biomarker types, including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), immune infiltration markers, methylation signatures, systemic inflammatory indices, and gene expression-based predictive models such as COXEN. Despite heterogeneity in study designs, methodologies, and endpoints, consistent findings indicated that integrated molecular profiling substantially improves the prediction of recurrence and disease progression beyond conventional clinicopathologic parameters. Immune and genomic biomarkers showed strong potential for early detection of relapse, while methylation and enzymatic markers provided additional prognostic stratification. Although most studies demonstrated a moderate risk of bias due to exploratory or non-randomized designs, the overall methodological quality was acceptable. The findings underscore the clinical utility of biomarker-guided surveillance and personalized management strategies in bladder cancer, while highlighting the need for large-scale validation and standardization of biomarker assays in future research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.