ArticleProgress in rehabilitation medicine2025
Relationship of Physical Factors to the Acceptability and Unacceptability of Short Foot Exercise: A Preliminary Study.
Article in Progress in rehabilitation medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to examine the physical characteristics of participants who can and cannot perform the short foot exercise (SFE). Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a university laboratory in Japan. University students (aged ≥18 years) enrolled between April and December 2024 were recruited as participants. We measured height, weight, foot length, medial longitudinal arch height, and toe grip strength. Ultrasonography captured transverse images of the intrinsic foot muscles, including the abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, and flexor digitorum brevis. Participants received single-instruction SFE training in a sitting position and were classified into two groups: SFE possible and SFE not possible. Those in the SFE not possible group received an additional 10 min of instruction before reattempting SFE. Based on performance, participants were categorized into three groups: those who succeeded after initial instruction (SFE-A), after practice (SFE-PT), or remained incapable (SFE-NP). Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparison tests for each measurement and analysis item, with the significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: In female participants, toe grip strength was lower in the SFE-A group than in the SFE-PT and SFE-NP groups, whereas no significant differences were observed in male participants or in muscle morphology and the navicular drop index in either sex. Conclusions: These findings suggest that immediate performance of the SFE may not necessarily be associated with greater toe grip strength or larger intrinsic muscle size but may relate to coordination between intrinsic and extrinsic muscles.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.