Staying put amidst the changing climate: lessons from older Nepalis.

Background and Objectives: Climate change has a substantial impact on the environment, biodiversity, and human health and well-being. Individuals in the global South are particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of the changing climate, which often trigger relocation in search of better living conditions. This study relied on a phenomenological approach to understand the decision of older Nepalese to stay in place despite increasing climate threats. Research Design and Methods: Five focus group discussions with 54 Nepalese over the age of 60 (mean age 69.33 years) were analyzed using thematic analysis. All participants self-identified as non-migrants and reported experiencing severe climate change impacts. Results: Findings reveal a predominant sense of helplessness rooted in four themes: financial incapacity, perceived age-related limitations, dependency on government support, and a bleak outlook on environmental improvements. Participants expressed that poverty restricts mobility, while advanced age and place attachment reinforce their decision to remain in place. A shared belief that government intervention is inadequate further diminishes agency. Pervasive hopelessness emerged as a core barrier to migration, with many accepting their fate as unchangeable. Discussion and Implications: The study underscores how socio-economic vulnerabilities and institutional failings contribute to older persons' inability to adapt or relocate amidst climate change. However, the findings also highlight the important role of subjective perceptions in determining one's decision to remain in place. Addressing these barriers requires integrated policy interventions that enhance livelihood resources, strengthen institutional support, and recognize the agency of vulnerable populations to foster resilience in climate-affected communities.