Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41402986›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2026

MC BTS: Simultaneously Resolving Magnetization Transfer Effect and Relaxation for Multiple Components.

Albert Jang, Hyungseok Jang, Nian Wang, Alexey Samsonov, Fang Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Albert JangAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6375-4550
Hyungseok JangRadiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3597-9525
Nian WangAdvanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Alexey SamsonovUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1966-3034
Fang LiuAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8032-6681

Funding

Ultrashort Echo Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hemophilic ArthropathyR01AR078877 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI JANG, HYUNGSEOK · 2021 to 2025
$2.4M
Deep Learning Technology for Rapid Morphological and Quantitative Imaging of Knee PathologyR01AR079442 · NIAMS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Fang Liu · 2022 to 2026
$2.2M
Rapid Three-dimensional Simultaneous Knee Multi-Relaxation MappingR01AR081344 · NIAMS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Fang Liu · 2022 to 2026
$2.0M
Characterization of Whole Brain Demyelination and Axon Damage Using High-resolution Magnetic Resonance ImagingR01NS125020 · NINDS · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI Nian Wang · 2022 to 2026
$2.0M
Deep Learning Reconstruction for Rapid Multi-Component RelaxometryR21EB031185 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI LIU, FANG · 2022 to 2024
$690k
Ultra-Fast High-Resolution Multi-Parametric MRI for Characterizing Cartilage Extracellular MatrixR56AR081017 · NIAMS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI LIU, FANG · 2023 to 2023
$643k
NIAMS NIH HHS R01AR078877NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR079442NIAMS NIH HHS R01AR079442NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR081344NIAMS NIH HHS R01AR081344NIAMS NIH HHS R56 AR081017NIAMS NIH HHS R56AR081017NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB031185NIBIB NIH HHS R21EB031185NINDS NIH HHS R01NS125020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo propose a signal acquisition and modeling framework for multi-component tissue quantification that encompasses transmit field inhomogeneity, multi-component relaxation and magnetization transfer (MT) effects. THEORY AND

methodsBy applying off-resonance irradiation between excitation and acquisition within an RF-spoiled gradient-echo scheme, in combination with multiple echo-time acquisitions, both Bloch-Siegert shift and magnetization transfer effects are simultaneously induced while relaxation and spin exchange processes occur concurrently. The spin dynamics are modeled using a three-pool framework, from which an analytical signal equation is derived and validated through numerical Bloch simulations. Monte Carlo simulations were further performed to analyze and compare the model's performance. Finally, the feasibility of this novel approach was investigated in vivo in human brain and knee tissues.

resultsSimulation results showed excellent agreement with the derived analytical signal equation across a wide range of flip angles and echo times. Monte Carlo analyses further validated that the three-pool parameter estimation pipeline performed robustly over various signal-to-noise ratio conditions. Multi-parameter fitting results from in vivo brain and knee studies yielded values consistent with previously reported literature. Collectively, these findings confirm that the proposed method can reliably characterize multi-component tissue parameters in macromolecule-rich environments while effectively compensating for

conclusionA signal acquisition and modeling framework for multi-component tissue quantification that accounts for magnetization transfer effects and

Indexed as

BrainImage Processing, Computer-AssistedKneeMagnetic Resonance ImagingAlgorithmsComputer SimulationHumansMonte Carlo MethodPhantoms, ImagingReproducibility of ResultsSignal-To-Noise RatioBloch‐SiegertBTSmagnetization transfermulti‐componentquantitative imaging

Identifiers

PMID41402986
PMCPMC12962219

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.