ArticleSpine deformity2026
National mental health burden in adults with spinal deformity: a propensity-matched analysis using the All of Us Research Program.
Article in Spine deformity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- In reply to the letter to the editor regarding "National mental health burden in adults with spinal deformity: a propensity-matched analysis using the All of Us Research Program".Spine deformity · 2026Article
- Readmission rate following surgical treatment for spinal deformity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
purposeAdult spinal deformity (ASD) is a chronic musculoskeletal condition characterized by abnormal spinal curvature and adverse psychological well-being. However, the mental health burden of ASD remains poorly characterized. This retrospective cross-sectional cohort study compared the prevalence and odds of mental health conditions in the ASD population to a matched general population cohort using the nationally representative All of Us Research Program.
methodsASD patients (n = 6531) were identified using ICD-9/10. Using 1:1 nearest neighbor propensity matching without replacement (caliper = 0.05), 6396 ASD patients were matched to 6396 general population controls. Logistic regression was performed to compute odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence-intervals (CI) for mental health outcomes.
resultsAfter matching, mean age was 58.0 and 76% were female. Compared to the general population, ASD patients had higher unadjusted rates of depression (37.6% vs. 11.3%), anxiety (41.6% vs. 12.1%), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (7.2% vs. 2.2%), bipolar disorder (7.1% vs. 2.1%), schizophrenia/psychosis (2.4% vs. 0.9%), substance use disorders (24.3% vs. 9.7%), eating disorders (1.4% vs. 0.4%), and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (5.3% vs. 1.4%). On logistic regression, ASD patients had higher odds of depression (OR = 2.06, CI = 1.90-2.23, P < 0.001), anxiety (OR = 2.24, CI = 2.07-2.43, P < 0.001), and ADHD (OR = 2.87, CI = 2.32-3.54, P < 0.001). ASD patients also exhibited significantly elevated odds for eating disorders, bipolar disorder, PTSD, and substance use disorder (P < 0.05).
conclusionsASD patients in the United States have a substantially elevated mental health burden than the general populace. Routine mental health screenings and psychological assessments can be beneficial for this vulnerable population.
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