ArticleBMJ open2025
Burden and trends of NASH-related liver cancer associated with high fasting plasma glucose in China and globally from 1990 to 2021: a population-based analysis of the global burden of disease study.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo analyse the trends in the burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related liver cancer associated with high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) globally and in China from 1990 to 2021, and to project the burden over the next 15 years.
designPopulation-based secondary analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study.
settingGlobal and Chinese populations included in the GBD 2021 database.
participantsData were derived from individuals aged 20 years and older included in the GBD 2021 study, covering both sexes across all age groups. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes were mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of NASH-related liver cancer associated with HFPG. Secondary outcomes included years lived with disability and years of life lost. Trends were described using the annual percentage change and average annual percentage change. Age-standardised mortality rates and DALY rates were projected to 2036.
resultsIn 2021, the burden of NASH-related liver cancer associated with HFPG was higher in men than in women in both the global and Chinese populations and was predominantly concentrated among older age groups. From 1990 to 2021, the burden substantially increased globally and in China, showing a significant upward trend. Projections indicate that the global burden will continue to rise among men but decline among women, whereas both sexes in China are expected to experience a decline in burden over the next 15 years.
conclusionsFrom 1990 to 2021, the burden of NASH-related liver cancer associated with HFPG increased substantially in both global and Chinese populations. High-risk groups, including men, older individuals, those with elevated fasting plasma glucose and patients with NASH, should be closely monitored. Targeted screening and preventive strategies for these populations may help manage the disease burden. Future studies are needed to determine whether effective blood glucose control can reduce the risk of NASH-related liver cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.