Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41400994›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025

Hypermutable hotspot enables the rapid evolution of self/non-self recognition genes in

Mische Holland, Mayar Ahmed, Janet M Young, James R Drurey, Sean McFadyen, Elizabeth A Ostrowski, Tera C Levin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mische Holland *Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260.ORCID 0000-0002-4917-9211
Mayar Ahmed *Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260.ORCID 0009-0005-1998-1683
Janet M YoungDivision of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109.ORCID 0000-0001-8220-8427
James R DrureyDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260.
Sean McFadyenSchool of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand.ORCID 0009-0005-0863-159X
Elizabeth A OstrowskiDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Washington, Bothell, WA 98011.
Tera C LevinDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260.ORCID 0000-0001-7883-8522

Funding

Genetic Conflict Shapes Centromeres and HeterochromatinR01GM074108 · NIGMS · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI MALIK, HARMIT S. · 2005 to 2022
$6.1M
TIR domains and the ancestry of innate immunityR35GM150681 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Tera Catherine Levin · 2023 to 2026
$1.6M
Burroughs Wellcome Fund (BWF) 1176659HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) R01-GM74108HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) R35-GM150681NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM074108NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM150681
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cells require highly polymorphic receptors to perform accurate self/non-self recognition. In the amoeba

Indexed as

DictyosteliumEvolution, MolecularProtozoan ProteinsGenome, ProtozoanHaplotypesMutationPhylogenyProtozoan Proteinsallorecognitioncomparative genomicsDictyostelium discoideummolecular evolutionsocial amoeba

Identifiers

PMID41400994
PMCPMC12745789

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.