SynthesisGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2026
Multimodal imaging for diagnosis and follow-up of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Optical coherence tomography features and visual prognosis in vitreoretinal lymphoma: a structured phenotyping study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the imaging findings for diagnosis and monitoring of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL).
methodsWe performed a systematic search in PubMed and Embase databases to find eligible studies that reported the imaging features of PVRL. We calculated the pooled prevalence of optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) findings using R software with a Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation and a 95% confidence interval (CI).
resultsOur analysis included eighteen studies with a total of 591 eyes. This review revealed vitreous opacity as the most common examination finding in PVRL (90% of eyes), followed by subretinal and retinal infiltration (45% of eyes). The prevalence rates for different OCT findings were as follows: The vitreous opacity at 79.68%, retinal pigment epithelium-Bruch's membrane infiltration (RBI) at 43.46%, and retinal pigment epithelium hyperreflective material (RPEHR) at 45.56%, fuzzy outer retina at 39.32%, subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM) at 39.68%, and pigment epithelial detachment (PED) at 15.26%. Leopard spots and multiple hypo-fluorescent spots were the most common findings in FA with pooled prevalence rates of 51.2% and 40.6%, respectively. Hyper-autofluorescent lesions in PVRL had a prevalence of 75.5%. In studies that reported ICGA findings, late persistent hypocyanescent lesions had a prevalence of 7.5%. In post-treatment OCT evaluations, subretinal hyperreflective material and pigment epithelial detachment decreased, and so did subretinal fluid and retinal hyperreflectivity.
conclusionMultimodal imaging has the potential to greatly improve the diagnosis and monitoring of PVRL. The vitreous opacity, RBI, RPEHR, confluent fuzzy outer retina, and SHRM accompanied by shallow sub-RPE infiltration in OCT, as well as leopard spots in FA and hypofluorescent spots with reversal pattern of fluorescence and concurrent hypocyanescent spots in ICGA, are highly suggestive of PVRL diagnosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41400697What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.