Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41399631›Full record

ArticleContemporary clinical trials communications2025

Yogurt reintroduction and the circulating microbiome in healthy volunteers: protocol for a prospective, longitudinal, species-controlled crossover clinical trial (MAMI).

Junhong Su, Bettina E Hansen, Zifang Wang, Abylaikhan Sharmenov, Xueshan Xia, Michelle Broekhuizen, Zhongren Ma, Maikel P Peppelenbosch

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Contemporary clinical trials communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06944002 (The Effect of Milk Consumption on the Blood Microbiome in Healthy Volunteers), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06944002 narecruitingnot on this map

The Effect of Milk Consumption on the Blood Microbiome in Healthy Volunteers

TypeinterventionalSponsorErasmus Medical CenterRan2025 to 2025Enrolled10ConditionsHealthyArmsMilk product
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Junhong SuDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Bettina E HansenToronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, & Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Zifang WangBiomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.
Abylaikhan SharmenovDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Xueshan XiaYunnan Province Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Michelle BroekhuizenDepartment of Neonatology, Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, Erasmus MC -University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Zhongren MaBiomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.
Maikel P PeppelenboschDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Although the gut microbiome plays a crucial role for maintaining overall host homeostasis and metabolism, it is significantly influenced by dietary changes, leading to substantial temporal variations in microbial composition within and between individuals. Despite this, incidental fecal sampling remains the standard method for microbiome assessment. Recently, the blood microbiome, defined by microbial DNA (cmDNA) circulating in the bloodstream, has emerged as a potentially more stable and integrated alternative. Preliminary data suggest that blood microbiome analysis may offer more consistent insights than fecal-based approaches, although the methodological validity of the approach has been questioned. Method/design: This study aims to establish or rule-out cmDNA as a representative of the gut microbiome. In a prospective, single-arm crossover trial, effects of dairy product withdrawal and reintroduction of a yoghurt with a known consortium of bacteria will be assessed in healthy volunteers aged 18-65. Participants will first abstain from all dairy products, a phase expected to reduce yogurt-associated cmDNA in the bloodstream. Yogurt will then be reintroduced, during which reappearance of cmDNA of specific bacteria (especially LGG, LA-5 and BB-12) is anticipated. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing will be used to track cmDNA dynamics over time. This longitudinal sampling approach will provide experimental evidence supporting the existence and responsiveness of the circulating microbiome, while also revalidating the bioinformatic pipeline used for its analysis. Conclusion: This pilot study will test whether blood-derived microbial DNA can serve as a valid surrogate for gut microbiome composition. If successful, this approach may provide a more stable and integrative alternative to fecal sampling and support future biomarker development and mechanistic research. Clinical trial registration: NCT06944002.

Indexed as

Healthy volunteersMilk-associated intestinal bacteriaMilk consumptionThe blood microbiomeThe gut microbiome

Identifiers

PMID41399631
PMCPMC12701970

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.