Maternal milk-derived lipids dictate neonatal macrophage phenotype and function.

Lunhua Liu, Jiyeon Yang, Jiro Sakai, Ranadhir Dey, Isabelle Coppens, Hira L Nakhasi, Mustafa Akkoyunlu

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Vaccine Responses in Early Age.Vaccines · 2026
Review

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lunhua LiuUS FDA/CBER/OVRR/DBPAP, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Jiyeon YangUS FDA/CBER/OVRR/DBPAP, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Jiro SakaiUS FDA/CBER/OVRR/DBPAP, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Ranadhir DeyUS FDA/CBER/OBRR/DETTD, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Isabelle CoppensJohns Hopkins School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room E5648, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Hira L NakhasiUS FDA/CBER/OBRR/DETTD, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Mustafa AkkoyunluUS FDA/CBER/OVRR/DBPAP, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unique properties of neonatal macrophages play an important role in tissue regeneration and susceptibility to infections. We discovered that exposure to neonatal mouse serum is sufficient to convert adult mouse macrophages into the neonatal phenotype. Macrophages incubated with neonatal serum accumulated lipid droplets due to the high lipid content in neonatal serum. We hypothesized that maternal milk derived lipids may be responsible for the immunomodulatory properties of neonatal serum. Supporting this hypothesis, sera from cow milk-fed adult mice converted adult macrophages into a neonatal macrophage phenotype. These macrophage phenotypic changes increased adult mouse susceptibility to cutaneous

Indexed as

CellImmunityLipid

Identifiers

PMID41399502

DOI10.1016/j.isci.2025.114058

PMCPMC12702025

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.