ArticleBritish journal of cancer2026
Capecitabine combined with immunotherapy as maintenance therapy improves survival in recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWe evaluated the clinical impact of combining capecitabine with immunotherapy (Immu/Cape) compared to immunotherapy monotherapy (Immu) as maintenance in recurrent/metastatic (R/M) nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients following initial chemo-immunotherapy.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 257 R/M NPC patients who achieved disease control after chemo-immunotherapy and received either Immu/Cape or Immu maintenance. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance baseline characteristics. Endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
resultsFollowing PSM, the Immu/Cape group exhibited prolonged PFS (median, 27.87 vs 8.5 months, p = 0.016) and OS (3-year rate, 80.8% vs. 65.4%; p = 0.027). This survival benefit was most pronounced in patients with high-burden disease: >5 metastatic lesions, ≥2 involved organs, or detectable post-treatment EBV DNA. The primary toxicity was hand-foot syndrome, with a higher incidence in the Immu/Cape group (53.7% vs. 9.8%; p < 0.001), including 12.2% grade 3-4 events; other severe adverse events were comparable.
conclusionThis study provides hypothesis-generating evidence that Immu/Cape maintenance may improve survival in R/M NPC, especially for high-risk patients. Prospective, randomized trials are required to validate this strategy before it can be considered practice-changing.
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