Spatiotemporal dynamics of age-related genes and the regulatory network of LaAGL2-3 in Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. based on the latest genome annotation.

Tang-Quan Liao, Ao-Jie Luo, Zha-Long Ye, Wanfeng Li

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Article in BMC plant biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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Tang-Quan LiaoState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-6764-7226

Ao-Jie LuoState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-3332-4140

Zha-Long YeState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7102-1413

Wanfeng LiState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China. liwf@caf.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0834-5479

Funding

Biological Breeding-Major Projects 2022ZD0401602National Natural Science Foundation of China 32271904

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn plants, time information is recorded in strictly ordered sequences of development events, resulting in age-associated physiological and morphological differentiation, including clear spatial gradients from the base to the crown within a single tree. However, the molecular mechanisms driving such ontogeny-related differentiation remain largely unknown.

resultsBased on our newly generated Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr. genome annotation, we identified 307 age-related genes, which were grouped into two expression clusters reflecting opposite temporal trends. Spatial expression analysis further revealed 13 differentially expressed genes along the vertical axis of the tree, suggesting their roles in regulating spatially distinct physiological traits. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that LaAGL2-3b directly binds to the promoters of six genes, including LaAGL2-3a, LaAGL2-3b (self-regulation), and L. kaempferi cycloartenol synthase (LkCAS1). Over-expression of LaAGL2-3 in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. significantly accelerated life cycle progression, supporting its functional involvement in aging-related developmental processes.

conclusionsOur results indicate that LaAGL2-3 shows coordinated temporal and spatial expression dynamics with other age-related genes in L. kaempferi. This coordinated pattern offers hypotheses about its potential role within age-associated regulatory processes. The genomic and transcriptomic resources generated here offer a foundation for future functional investigations and for improving our understanding of conifer development and ontogeny.

Indexed as

Gene Regulatory NetworksGenes, PlantGenome, PlantLarixPlant ProteinsArabidopsisGene Expression Regulation, PlantMolecular Sequence AnnotationPlant ProteinsAge-related gene expressionAGL6ConiferMADS-box transcription factorSpatiotemporal regulationTranscriptomics.Tree aging

Identifiers

PMID41398227

DOI10.1186/s12870-025-07956-y

PMCPMC12821181

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