Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41398115›Full record

ArticleClinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society2026

Stroke volume reduction impairs cerebrovascular regulation through ETCO

Martin Miranda-Hurtado, Rashmin Hira, Kate M Bourne, Shaun Ranada, Jacquie R Baker, Robert S Sheldon, Satish R Raj

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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Martin Miranda-HurtadoNursing School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8587-1531
Rashmin HiraDepartment of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, GAC70 HRIC Building, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
Kate M BourneDepartment of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, GAC70 HRIC Building, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
Shaun RanadaDepartment of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, GAC70 HRIC Building, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
Jacquie R BakerDepartment of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, GAC70 HRIC Building, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
Robert S SheldonDepartment of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, GAC70 HRIC Building, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
Satish R RajDepartment of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, GAC70 HRIC Building, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada. satish.raj@ucalgary.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5890-3785

Funding

The Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (VICTR)UL1TR000445 · NCATS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BERNARD, GORDON RAPHAEL · 2012 to 2016
$41.4M
Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada G-22-0032126NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000445
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) experience disabling symptoms such as brain fog related to reduced cerebral perfusion.

objectiveThe objective of this study is to determine the mediating role of carbon dioxide in the relationship between stroke volume and cerebral blood flow.

methodsA total of 15 female patients with POTS underwent head-up tilt testing under two conditions: with lower-body compression (higher stroke volume) and without (lower stroke volume). We analyzed cerebral blood flow velocity, respiratory, and cardiovascular responses using linear mixed-effects and mediation models to examine stroke volume-cerebral blood flow interactions. Granger causality and wavelet coherence assessed cerebral autoregulation.

resultsLower-body compression attenuated the reduction in stroke volume (-34 ml versus -23 ml; p < 0.01), end-tidal CO

conclusionsReduction in stroke volume leads to reduced cerebral perfusion in POTS, an effect likely mediated by decreased carbon dioxide.

Indexed as

Carbon DioxideCerebrovascular CirculationPostural Orthostatic Tachycardia SyndromeStroke VolumeAdultBlood Flow VelocityFemaleHumansTilt-Table TestYoung AdultCarbon DioxideCerebral blood flowLinear mixed effect modelMediation analysisPostural orthostatic tachycardia syndromeStroke volume

Identifiers

PMID41398115

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.