SynthesisJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2026
Neurodevelopmental outcomes of prenatal opioid exposure and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome: A systematic review from birth to early adulthood.
Synthesis in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
The rise in prenatal opioid exposure (POE) has led to an increase in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), yet the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes secondary to POE and subsequent diagnosis of NOWS remains underexplored. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, APA, and PsycINFO identified 14 studies published between 2000 and 2021, 12 human and 2 animal studies, with data independently extracted and synthesized using a Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) approach due to study heterogeneity. In human studies, children exhibited cognitive, language, motor delays, risk for ADHD and behavioral disorders, and lower academic performance through adolescence. Neuroimaging revealed structural brain changes, including white matter disruptions. Animal studies demonstrated hyperactivity, motor impairments, reduced cortical neuronal density, and altered physiological markers. Findings suggest that POE leading to NOWS may exert lasting impacts on brain development, underscoring the additive effects of POE leading to NOWS and the need for targeted early interventions and long-term monitoring.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.